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Background <p>Hearing loss (HL) is a prevalent issue among the aging population in China, with significant health and social consequences. Understanding the epidemiological situation and contributing factors to HL in post-pandemic China is critical for developing effective prevention and intervention strategies.</p> Methods <p>Information on participants’ education level, income, noise exposure, tinnitus history, smoking and drinking habits, COVID-19 infection history, and vaccination status was collected through interviews. Additionally, height and weight were measured on-site and fasting blood samples were drawn for blood glucose and serum lipid level testing.</p> Results <p>The overall prevalence of HL was 74.82%, while the prevalence of high-frequency HL (HF-HL) was 89.10%. Notably, 21.47% of subjects had HF-HL without standard-frequency HL. Multivariable logistic regression identified age, sex, location, education level, noise exposure, tinnitus, ear disease history, smoking, hypertension, severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) infection history, and lipid levels as potential influencing factors for HL. The relationship between lipid metabolism disorders and hearing is complex; triglycerides (TG) exhibited a protective effect on hearing under certain conditions (e.g., when total cholesterol (TC) was &lt; 5.2&#xa0;mmol/L and TG ≥ 2.3&#xa0;mmol/L for standard PTA; TC &lt; 5.2&#xa0;mmol/L and all TG levels for high-frequency PTA).</p> Conclusion <p>The incidence of hearing loss among older individuals has increased in post-pandemic China. Early identification of at-risk populations, expanded community hearing screening, and public education on hearing health could help more aging individuals prevent hearing decline.</p>

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Prevalence and determinants of hearing loss among the aging population in China: insights from the 2023 China National Health Survey

  • 期刊论文

  • 出版模式：

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  • 发表日期：

    2025年12月1日

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  • Shuwen Guan,
  • Yue Fan,
  • Fangxu Yan,
  • Haibo Huang,
  • Xin Xia,
  • Chunhao Li,
  • Yaoda Hu,
  • Huijing He,
  • Guangliang Shan,
  • Xingming Chen

摘要

Background

Hearing loss (HL) is a prevalent issue among the aging population in China, with significant health and social consequences. Understanding the epidemiological situation and contributing factors to HL in post-pandemic China is critical for developing effective prevention and intervention strategies.

Methods

Information on participants’ education level, income, noise exposure, tinnitus history, smoking and drinking habits, COVID-19 infection history, and vaccination status was collected through interviews. Additionally, height and weight were measured on-site and fasting blood samples were drawn for blood glucose and serum lipid level testing.

Results

The overall prevalence of HL was 74.82%, while the prevalence of high-frequency HL (HF-HL) was 89.10%. Notably, 21.47% of subjects had HF-HL without standard-frequency HL. Multivariable logistic regression identified age, sex, location, education level, noise exposure, tinnitus, ear disease history, smoking, hypertension, severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) infection history, and lipid levels as potential influencing factors for HL. The relationship between lipid metabolism disorders and hearing is complex; triglycerides (TG) exhibited a protective effect on hearing under certain conditions (e.g., when total cholesterol (TC) was < 5.2 mmol/L and TG ≥ 2.3 mmol/L for standard PTA; TC < 5.2 mmol/L and all TG levels for high-frequency PTA).

Conclusion

The incidence of hearing loss among older individuals has increased in post-pandemic China. Early identification of at-risk populations, expanded community hearing screening, and public education on hearing health could help more aging individuals prevent hearing decline.