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<p>Biochar, a soil amendment, is gaining attention for its potential in enhancing carbon sequestration and improving soil fertility. The conventional application rate for biochar is 2 t ha<sup>− 1</sup>; however, achieving maximum carbon sequestration requires higher inputs, necessitating investigation into optimal application methods to sustain crop productivity. This study evaluated the impact of a 10-times higher biochar application (20 t ha<sup>− 1</sup>) on root vegetable (<i>Raphanus raphanistrum</i> L.) cultivation and soil carbon sequestration, focusing on two methods&#xa0;broadcasting (O-BC) and band application (B-BC). The O-BC treatment improved root growth in <i>Raphanus raphanistrum</i> L. by increasing biomass and enhancing the uptake of P and K, thereby boosting productivity and nutrient assimilation. This demonstrates the key functions of P in energy transfer and root development, and K in osmoregulation and carbohydrate transport, which are crucial for root growth and development. The O-BC treatment offers the most balanced and robust enhancement of <i>Raphanus raphanistrum</i> L. growth and nutrient acquisition across plant parts. In contrast, the B-BC treatment provided only modest benefits, likely due to localized, high concentrations of biochar creating temporary imbalances in soil physicochemical properties (e.g., pH, EC) that limited optimal root development. The O-BC treatment resulted in greater biomass accumulation and enhanced P, K uptake in root tissue, leading to the highest yield (4.67 t ha⁻¹), followed by B-BC (4.51 t ha⁻¹) and the control treatment (4.28 t ha⁻¹). Biochar application at 20 t ha⁻¹ enhanced soil carbon sequestration, reaching 43.75 t ha⁻¹, which is 10 times the conventional amount. These findings demonstrate that a high amount of biochar applications with the optimal application method, can effectively overcome the potential risks of high-rate application and improve root vegetable productivity while simultaneously contributing to long-term climate mitigation through increased carbon sequestration.</p>

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Simultaneous enhancement of carbon sequestration and crop productivity through excessive biochar application in root vegetable (Raphanus raphanistrum L.) cultivation

  • 期刊论文

  • 出版模式：

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  • 发表日期：

    2025年11月28日

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  • Seul-Rin Lee,
  • Jae-Hoon Lee,
  • Jun-Suk Rho,
  • Jung-Mok Lee,
  • Seung-Hoon Lee,
  • Dong-Cheol Seo,
  • Jong-Hwan Park

摘要

Biochar, a soil amendment, is gaining attention for its potential in enhancing carbon sequestration and improving soil fertility. The conventional application rate for biochar is 2 t ha− 1; however, achieving maximum carbon sequestration requires higher inputs, necessitating investigation into optimal application methods to sustain crop productivity. This study evaluated the impact of a 10-times higher biochar application (20 t ha− 1) on root vegetable (Raphanus raphanistrum L.) cultivation and soil carbon sequestration, focusing on two methods broadcasting (O-BC) and band application (B-BC). The O-BC treatment improved root growth in Raphanus raphanistrum L. by increasing biomass and enhancing the uptake of P and K, thereby boosting productivity and nutrient assimilation. This demonstrates the key functions of P in energy transfer and root development, and K in osmoregulation and carbohydrate transport, which are crucial for root growth and development. The O-BC treatment offers the most balanced and robust enhancement of Raphanus raphanistrum L. growth and nutrient acquisition across plant parts. In contrast, the B-BC treatment provided only modest benefits, likely due to localized, high concentrations of biochar creating temporary imbalances in soil physicochemical properties (e.g., pH, EC) that limited optimal root development. The O-BC treatment resulted in greater biomass accumulation and enhanced P, K uptake in root tissue, leading to the highest yield (4.67 t ha⁻¹), followed by B-BC (4.51 t ha⁻¹) and the control treatment (4.28 t ha⁻¹). Biochar application at 20 t ha⁻¹ enhanced soil carbon sequestration, reaching 43.75 t ha⁻¹, which is 10 times the conventional amount. These findings demonstrate that a high amount of biochar applications with the optimal application method, can effectively overcome the potential risks of high-rate application and improve root vegetable productivity while simultaneously contributing to long-term climate mitigation through increased carbon sequestration.