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Background <p>Ecological floating beds can restore eutrophic water, but few studies have focused on changes in microbial communities during the remediation process. To gain a deeper understanding of the restoration process, we used 16S/18S rRNA gene metabarcoding and metagenomic sequencing to investigate the changes in the structure and function of protist and bacterial communities.</p> Results <p>By comparing seawater with or without floating beds, we found that <i>Sesuvium portulacastrum</i> can effectively remove nutrients and dissolved solids from water, with nitrate removal above 52% and phosphate removal above 34% within 33&#xa0;days. <i>S. portulacastrum</i> increased the alpha diversity of both protists and bacteria, changed their community composition, and improved the community stability. The stochastic processes were critical in shaping the community assembly, and the contribution of stochastic processes in floating beds was lower in the treatment group than in the control group. In addition, changes in aquatic community structure further led to changes in community function, particularly nitrogen cycle processes. Among all nitrogen cycle-related&#xa0;functional genes, dissimilatory nitrate reduction genes (44.50%) and denitrification genes (62.44%) were the most common on day 1 and day 33, respectively. The enhanced denitrification process promoted the nitrogen removal in eutrophic water, contributing to ecological restoration and water quality improvement.</p> Conclusions <p>Our results suggested that <i>S. portulacastrum</i> and associated&#xa0;microbial communities exhibited a synergistic role in the restoration process. The well-developed root system of <i>S. portulacastrum</i> acted as a carrier for microorganisms to play a crucial role in the removal of nutrients and other dissolved solids. This study can provide a reference for the optimization of ecological management of eutrophic seawater. Restoration efforts should integrate&#xa0;considerations of water physicochemical properties with the structure and function of aquatic community.</p>

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Dynamics of protist and bacterial communities during the nitrogen removal by ecological floating beds of Sesuvium portulacastrum

  • 期刊论文

  • 出版模式：

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  • 发表日期：

    2025年4月3日

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  • Rui Zhao,
  • Yi Shi,
  • Lingfeng Huang,
  • Jun Yang,
  • Wenjing Zhang

摘要

Background

Ecological floating beds can restore eutrophic water, but few studies have focused on changes in microbial communities during the remediation process. To gain a deeper understanding of the restoration process, we used 16S/18S rRNA gene metabarcoding and metagenomic sequencing to investigate the changes in the structure and function of protist and bacterial communities.

Results

By comparing seawater with or without floating beds, we found that Sesuvium portulacastrum can effectively remove nutrients and dissolved solids from water, with nitrate removal above 52% and phosphate removal above 34% within 33 days. S. portulacastrum increased the alpha diversity of both protists and bacteria, changed their community composition, and improved the community stability. The stochastic processes were critical in shaping the community assembly, and the contribution of stochastic processes in floating beds was lower in the treatment group than in the control group. In addition, changes in aquatic community structure further led to changes in community function, particularly nitrogen cycle processes. Among all nitrogen cycle-related functional genes, dissimilatory nitrate reduction genes (44.50%) and denitrification genes (62.44%) were the most common on day 1 and day 33, respectively. The enhanced denitrification process promoted the nitrogen removal in eutrophic water, contributing to ecological restoration and water quality improvement.

Conclusions

Our results suggested that S. portulacastrum and associated microbial communities exhibited a synergistic role in the restoration process. The well-developed root system of S. portulacastrum acted as a carrier for microorganisms to play a crucial role in the removal of nutrients and other dissolved solids. This study can provide a reference for the optimization of ecological management of eutrophic seawater. Restoration efforts should integrate considerations of water physicochemical properties with the structure and function of aquatic community.