<p>This article discusses the existence of positive radial solution for the elliptic system <Equation ID="Equa"> <MediaObject> <ImageObject Color="BlackWhite" FileRef="13661_2025_2028_Article_Equa.gif" Format="GIF" Height="95" Rendition="HTML" Resolution="72" Type="Linedraw" Width="327" /> </MediaObject> <EquationSource Format="MATHML"><math> <mrow> <mo>{</mo> <mtable columnalign="left"> <mtr> <mtd> <mo>−</mo> <mi mathvariant="normal">△</mi> <mi>u</mi> <mo>=</mo> <mi>K</mi> <mo stretchy="false">(</mo> <mo stretchy="false">|</mo> <mi>x</mi> <mo stretchy="false">|</mo> <mo stretchy="false">)</mo> <mi>f</mi> <mo stretchy="false">(</mo> <mo stretchy="false">|</mo> <mi>x</mi> <mo stretchy="false">|</mo> <mo>,</mo> <mspace width="0.25em" /> <mi>u</mi> <mo>,</mo> <mspace width="0.25em" /> <mi>v</mi> <mo>,</mo> <mspace width="0.25em" /> <mo stretchy="false">|</mo> <mi mathvariant="normal">∇</mi> <mi>u</mi> <mo stretchy="false">|</mo> <mo stretchy="false">)</mo> <mo>,</mo> <mspace width="0.3em" /> <mspace width="0.3em" /> <mi>x</mi> <mo>∈</mo> <mi mathvariant="normal">Ω</mi> <mo>,</mo> </mtd> </mtr> <mtr> <mtd> <mo>−</mo> <mi mathvariant="normal">△</mi> <mi>v</mi> <mo>=</mo> <mi>K</mi> <mo stretchy="false">(</mo> <mo stretchy="false">|</mo> <mi>x</mi> <mo stretchy="false">|</mo> <mo stretchy="false">)</mo> <mi>g</mi> <mo stretchy="false">(</mo> <mo stretchy="false">|</mo> <mi>x</mi> <mo stretchy="false">|</mo> <mo>,</mo> <mspace width="0.25em" /> <mi>u</mi> <mo>,</mo> <mspace width="0.25em" /> <mi>v</mi> <mo>,</mo> <mspace width="0.25em" /> <mo stretchy="false">|</mo> <mi mathvariant="normal">∇</mi> <mi>v</mi> <mo stretchy="false">|</mo> <mo stretchy="false">)</mo> <mo>,</mo> <mspace width="0.3em" /> <mspace width="0.3em" /> <mi>x</mi> <mo>∈</mo> <mi mathvariant="normal">Ω</mi> <mo>,</mo> </mtd> </mtr> <mtr> <mtd> <msub> <mi>α</mi> <mn>1</mn> </msub> <mi>u</mi> <mo>+</mo> <msub> <mi>β</mi> <mn>1</mn> </msub> <mfrac> <mrow> <mi>∂</mi> <mi>u</mi> </mrow> <mrow> <mi>∂</mi> <mi>n</mi> </mrow> </mfrac> <msub> <mo stretchy="false">|</mo> <mrow> <mi>∂</mi> <mi mathvariant="normal">Ω</mi> </mrow> </msub> <mo>=</mo> <mn>0</mn> <mo>,</mo> <mspace width="0.3em" /> <msub> <mi>α</mi> <mn>2</mn> </msub> <mi>v</mi> <mo>+</mo> <msub> <mi>β</mi> <mn>2</mn> </msub> <mfrac> <mrow> <mi>∂</mi> <mi>v</mi> </mrow> <mrow> <mi>∂</mi> <mi>n</mi> </mrow> </mfrac> <msub> <mo stretchy="false">|</mo> <mrow> <mi>∂</mi> <mi mathvariant="normal">Ω</mi> </mrow> </msub> <mo>=</mo> <mn>0</mn> <mo>,</mo> </mtd> </mtr> <mtr> <mtd> <msub> <mo movablelimits="false">lim</mo> <mrow> <mo stretchy="false">|</mo> <mi>x</mi> <mo stretchy="false">|</mo> <mo stretchy="false">→</mo> <mi mathvariant="normal">∞</mi> </mrow> </msub> <mi>u</mi> <mo stretchy="false">(</mo> <mi>x</mi> <mo stretchy="false">)</mo> <mo>=</mo> <mn>0</mn> <mo>,</mo> <mspace width="0.3em" /> <msub> <mo movablelimits="false">lim</mo> <mrow> <mo stretchy="false">|</mo> <mi>x</mi> <mo stretchy="false">|</mo> <mo stretchy="false">→</mo> <mi mathvariant="normal">∞</mi> </mrow> </msub> <mi>v</mi> <mo stretchy="false">(</mo> <mi>x</mi> <mo stretchy="false">)</mo> <mo>=</mo> <mn>0</mn> <mo>,</mo> </mtd> </mtr> </mtable> </mrow> </math></EquationSource> <EquationSource Format="TEX">\( \left \{ \textstyle\begin{array}{l} -\triangle u=K(|x|)f(|x|,\ u,\ v,\ |\nabla u|),~~x\in \Omega , \\ -\triangle v=K(|x|)g(|x|,\ u,\ v,\ |\nabla v|),~~x\in \Omega , \\ \alpha _{1}u+\beta _{1}\frac{\partial u}{\partial n}|_{\partial \Omega}=0,~\alpha _{2}v+\beta _{2}\frac{\partial v}{\partial n}|_{ \partial \Omega}=0, \\ \lim _{|x|\to \infty} u(x)=0,~\lim _{|x|\to \infty} v(x)=0, \end{array}\displaystyle \right . \)</EquationSource> </Equation> where&#xa0;<InlineEquation ID="IEq1"> <InlineMediaObject> <ImageObject Color="BlackWhite" FileRef="13661_2025_2028_Article_IEq1.gif" Format="GIF" Height="21" Rendition="HTML" Resolution="72" Type="Linedraw" Width="213" /> </InlineMediaObject> <EquationSource Format="MATHML"><math> <mi mathvariant="normal">Ω</mi> <mo>=</mo> <mo stretchy="false">{</mo> <mi>x</mi> <mo>∈</mo> <msup> <mi mathvariant="double-struck">R</mi> <mi>N</mi> </msup> <mo>:</mo> <mspace width="0.3em" /> <mo stretchy="false">|</mo> <mi>x</mi> <mo stretchy="false">|</mo> <mo>&gt;</mo> <msub> <mi>r</mi> <mn>0</mn> </msub> <mo>&gt;</mo> <mn>0</mn> <mo stretchy="false">}</mo> </math></EquationSource> <EquationSource Format="TEX">$\Omega =\{x\in \mathbb{R}^{N}:~|x|&gt;r_{0}&gt;0\}$</EquationSource> </InlineEquation>, <InlineEquation ID="IEq2"> <InlineMediaObject> <ImageObject Color="BlackWhite" FileRef="13661_2025_2028_Article_IEq2.gif" Format="GIF" Height="16" Rendition="HTML" Resolution="72" Type="Linedraw" Width="48" /> </InlineMediaObject> <EquationSource Format="MATHML"><math> <mi>N</mi> <mo>≥</mo> <mn>3</mn> </math></EquationSource> <EquationSource Format="TEX">$N\ge 3$</EquationSource> </InlineEquation>, <InlineEquation ID="IEq3"> <InlineMediaObject> <ImageObject Color="BlackWhite" FileRef="13661_2025_2028_Article_IEq3.gif" Format="GIF" Height="19" Rendition="HTML" Resolution="72" Type="Linedraw" Width="132" /> </InlineMediaObject> <EquationSource Format="MATHML"><math> <mi>K</mi> <mo>:</mo> <mo stretchy="false">[</mo> <msub> <mi>r</mi> <mn>0</mn> </msub> <mo>,</mo> <mspace width="0.3em" /> <mi mathvariant="normal">∞</mi> <mo stretchy="false">)</mo> <mo stretchy="false">→</mo> <msub> <mi mathvariant="double-struck">R</mi> <mo>+</mo> </msub> </math></EquationSource> <EquationSource Format="TEX">$K:[r_{0},~ \infty )\to \mathbb{R}_{+}$</EquationSource> </InlineEquation>, <i>f</i> and <InlineEquation ID="IEq4"> <InlineMediaObject> <ImageObject Color="BlackWhite" FileRef="13661_2025_2028_Article_IEq4.gif" Format="GIF" Height="21" Rendition="HTML" Resolution="72" Type="Linedraw" Width="167" /> </InlineMediaObject> <EquationSource Format="MATHML"><math> <mi>g</mi> <mo>:</mo> <mo stretchy="false">[</mo> <msub> <mi>r</mi> <mn>0</mn> </msub> <mo>,</mo> <mspace width="0.3em" /> <mi mathvariant="normal">∞</mi> <mo stretchy="false">)</mo> <mo>×</mo> <msubsup> <mi mathvariant="double-struck">R</mi> <mo>+</mo> <mn>3</mn> </msubsup> <mo stretchy="false">→</mo> <msub> <mi mathvariant="double-struck">R</mi> <mo>+</mo> </msub> </math></EquationSource> <EquationSource Format="TEX">$g:[r_{0},~\infty )\times \mathbb{R}_{+}^{3}\to \mathbb{R}_{+}$</EquationSource> </InlineEquation> are continuous,&#xa0;<InlineEquation ID="IEq5"> <InlineMediaObject> <ImageObject Color="BlackWhite" FileRef="13661_2025_2028_Article_IEq5.gif" Format="GIF" Height="19" Rendition="HTML" Resolution="72" Type="Linedraw" Width="92" /> </InlineMediaObject> <EquationSource Format="MATHML"><math> <msub> <mi mathvariant="double-struck">R</mi> <mo>+</mo> </msub> <mo>=</mo> <mo stretchy="false">[</mo> <mn>0</mn> <mo>,</mo> <mspace width="0.3em" /> <mi mathvariant="normal">∞</mi> <mo stretchy="false">)</mo> </math></EquationSource> <EquationSource Format="TEX">$\mathbb{R}_{+}=[0,~ \infty )$</EquationSource> </InlineEquation>. Under the correlation conditions of the nonlinear terms&#xa0;<InlineEquation ID="IEq6"> <InlineMediaObject> <ImageObject Color="BlackWhite" FileRef="13661_2025_2028_Article_IEq6.gif" Format="GIF" Height="19" Rendition="HTML" Resolution="72" Type="Linedraw" Width="98" /> </InlineMediaObject> <EquationSource Format="MATHML"><math> <mi>f</mi> <mo stretchy="false">(</mo> <mi>r</mi> <mo>,</mo> <mspace width="0.25em" /> <mi>u</mi> <mo>,</mo> <mspace width="0.25em" /> <mi>v</mi> <mo>,</mo> <mspace width="0.25em" /> <mi>ξ</mi> <mo stretchy="false">)</mo> </math></EquationSource> <EquationSource Format="TEX">$f(r, \ u,\ v,\ \xi )$</EquationSource> </InlineEquation> and&#xa0;<InlineEquation ID="IEq7"> <InlineMediaObject> <ImageObject Color="BlackWhite" FileRef="13661_2025_2028_Article_IEq7.gif" Format="GIF" Height="19" Rendition="HTML" Resolution="72" Type="Linedraw" Width="97" /> </InlineMediaObject> <EquationSource Format="MATHML"><math> <mi>g</mi> <mo stretchy="false">(</mo> <mi>r</mi> <mo>,</mo> <mspace width="0.25em" /> <mi>u</mi> <mo>,</mo> <mspace width="0.25em" /> <mi>v</mi> <mo>,</mo> <mspace width="0.25em" /> <mi>η</mi> <mo stretchy="false">)</mo> </math></EquationSource> <EquationSource Format="TEX">$g(r,\ u,\ v,\ \eta )$</EquationSource> </InlineEquation> may be super-linear or sub-linear growth on&#xa0;<i>u</i>, <i>v</i>, <i>ξ</i>, and&#xa0;<i>η</i>, existence results of positive radial solutions are obtained. For the super-linear growth case, Nagumo condition (F3) is presented to restrict the growth of&#xa0;<InlineEquation ID="IEq8"> <InlineMediaObject> <ImageObject Color="BlackWhite" FileRef="13661_2025_2028_Article_IEq8.gif" Format="GIF" Height="19" Rendition="HTML" Resolution="72" Type="Linedraw" Width="98" /> </InlineMediaObject> <EquationSource Format="MATHML"><math> <mi>f</mi> <mo stretchy="false">(</mo> <mi>r</mi> <mo>,</mo> <mspace width="0.3em" /> <mi>u</mi> <mo>,</mo> <mspace width="0.3em" /> <mi>v</mi> <mo>,</mo> <mspace width="0.3em" /> <mi>ξ</mi> <mo stretchy="false">)</mo> </math></EquationSource> <EquationSource Format="TEX">$f(r,~u,~v,~\xi )$</EquationSource> </InlineEquation> and&#xa0;<InlineEquation ID="IEq9"> <InlineMediaObject> <ImageObject Color="BlackWhite" FileRef="13661_2025_2028_Article_IEq9.gif" Format="GIF" Height="19" Rendition="HTML" Resolution="72" Type="Linedraw" Width="97" /> </InlineMediaObject> <EquationSource Format="MATHML"><math> <mi>g</mi> <mo stretchy="false">(</mo> <mi>r</mi> <mo>,</mo> <mspace width="0.3em" /> <mi>u</mi> <mo>,</mo> <mspace width="0.3em" /> <mi>v</mi> <mo>,</mo> <mspace width="0.3em" /> <mi>η</mi> <mo stretchy="false">)</mo> </math></EquationSource> <EquationSource Format="TEX">$g(r,~u,~v,~ \eta )$</EquationSource> </InlineEquation> on&#xa0;<i>ξ</i> and&#xa0;<i>η</i>. The super-linear growth or sub-linear growth of the nonlinear terms&#xa0;<i>f</i> and&#xa0;<i>g</i> are described by the correlation inequality conditions instead of the usual the independent limits conditions about&#xa0;<i>f</i> and&#xa0;<i>g</i>. The discussion is based on the fixed point index theory on cones.</p>

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Existence of positive radial solution for the elliptic system on an exterior domain

  • Dan Wang,
  • Yongxiang Li,
  • Shengbin Yang

摘要

This article discusses the existence of positive radial solution for the elliptic system { u = K ( | x | ) f ( | x | , u , v , | u | ) , x Ω , v = K ( | x | ) g ( | x | , u , v , | v | ) , x Ω , α 1 u + β 1 u n | Ω = 0 , α 2 v + β 2 v n | Ω = 0 , lim | x | u ( x ) = 0 , lim | x | v ( x ) = 0 , \( \left \{ \textstyle\begin{array}{l} -\triangle u=K(|x|)f(|x|,\ u,\ v,\ |\nabla u|),~~x\in \Omega , \\ -\triangle v=K(|x|)g(|x|,\ u,\ v,\ |\nabla v|),~~x\in \Omega , \\ \alpha _{1}u+\beta _{1}\frac{\partial u}{\partial n}|_{\partial \Omega}=0,~\alpha _{2}v+\beta _{2}\frac{\partial v}{\partial n}|_{ \partial \Omega}=0, \\ \lim _{|x|\to \infty} u(x)=0,~\lim _{|x|\to \infty} v(x)=0, \end{array}\displaystyle \right . \) where  Ω = { x R N : | x | > r 0 > 0 } $\Omega =\{x\in \mathbb{R}^{N}:~|x|>r_{0}>0\}$ , N 3 $N\ge 3$ , K : [ r 0 , ) R + $K:[r_{0},~ \infty )\to \mathbb{R}_{+}$ , f and g : [ r 0 , ) × R + 3 R + $g:[r_{0},~\infty )\times \mathbb{R}_{+}^{3}\to \mathbb{R}_{+}$ are continuous,  R + = [ 0 , ) $\mathbb{R}_{+}=[0,~ \infty )$ . Under the correlation conditions of the nonlinear terms  f ( r , u , v , ξ ) $f(r, \ u,\ v,\ \xi )$ and  g ( r , u , v , η ) $g(r,\ u,\ v,\ \eta )$ may be super-linear or sub-linear growth on u, v, ξ, and η, existence results of positive radial solutions are obtained. For the super-linear growth case, Nagumo condition (F3) is presented to restrict the growth of  f ( r , u , v , ξ ) $f(r,~u,~v,~\xi )$ and  g ( r , u , v , η ) $g(r,~u,~v,~ \eta )$ on ξ and η. The super-linear growth or sub-linear growth of the nonlinear terms f and g are described by the correlation inequality conditions instead of the usual the independent limits conditions about f and g. The discussion is based on the fixed point index theory on cones.