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Objective <p>This meta-analysis aimed to evaluate the impact of exoskeleton robotic training on motor function in spinal cord injury (SCI) patients.</p> Methods <p>We systematically reviewed randomized and non-randomized controlled trials from five databases (PubMed, Embase, Cochrane Library, Scopus, Web of Science) up to September 2025.</p> Results <p>A total of 13 trials with 247 participants were included. Results showed that exoskeleton robotic training significantly improved several motor function measures: the 6-min walk test (6-MWT) (0.75 [95% CI = 0.42, 1.08]), 10-m walk test (0.91 [95% CI = 0.49, 1.33]), Walking Index for Spinal Cord Injury (WISCI-II) (0.76 [95% CI = 0.36, 1.15]), timed up and go (TUG) test (− 1.05 [95% CI =  − 1.50, − 0.60]), and lower extremity motor score (LEMS) (0.65 [95% CI = 0.40, 0.90]). Subgroup analysis indicated that improvements in walking speed were consistent regardless of injury duration (&gt; 6 vs. &lt; 6&#xa0;months). In contrast, when stratified by cumulative training time, a non-linear dose–response relationship was observed, with the greatest improvement occurring at 1000–2000&#xa0;min of training, while both lower and higher doses yielded attenuated effects. Although there was high heterogeneity in some measures (6-MWT, 10-MWT, WISCI-II, TUG), excluding individual studies did not significantly alter the findings, indicating stable results.</p> Conclusion <p>Exoskeleton robotics significantly improves motor function in SCI patients, with walking function benefiting both within and beyond 6&#xa0;months after injury, although the effects of ultra-early (&lt; 3&#xa0;months) versus early (3–6&#xa0;months) intervention remain unclear, with maximal improvements observed at medium intensity (cumulative training duration of 1000–2000&#xa0;min).</p>

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Effects of an exoskeleton robot on motor function in patients with spinal cord injuries: a systematic review and meta-analysis

  • 期刊论文

  • 出版模式：

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  • 发表日期：

    2025年11月10日

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  • Shuai Guo,
  • Yican Yang,
  • Mutong Wang,
  • Dezheng Wang,
  • Yang Zhang,
  • Qing Wang,
  • Yunqing Deng

摘要

Objective

This meta-analysis aimed to evaluate the impact of exoskeleton robotic training on motor function in spinal cord injury (SCI) patients.

Methods

We systematically reviewed randomized and non-randomized controlled trials from five databases (PubMed, Embase, Cochrane Library, Scopus, Web of Science) up to September 2025.

Results

A total of 13 trials with 247 participants were included. Results showed that exoskeleton robotic training significantly improved several motor function measures: the 6-min walk test (6-MWT) (0.75 [95% CI = 0.42, 1.08]), 10-m walk test (0.91 [95% CI = 0.49, 1.33]), Walking Index for Spinal Cord Injury (WISCI-II) (0.76 [95% CI = 0.36, 1.15]), timed up and go (TUG) test (− 1.05 [95% CI =  − 1.50, − 0.60]), and lower extremity motor score (LEMS) (0.65 [95% CI = 0.40, 0.90]). Subgroup analysis indicated that improvements in walking speed were consistent regardless of injury duration (> 6 vs. < 6 months). In contrast, when stratified by cumulative training time, a non-linear dose–response relationship was observed, with the greatest improvement occurring at 1000–2000 min of training, while both lower and higher doses yielded attenuated effects. Although there was high heterogeneity in some measures (6-MWT, 10-MWT, WISCI-II, TUG), excluding individual studies did not significantly alter the findings, indicating stable results.

Conclusion

Exoskeleton robotics significantly improves motor function in SCI patients, with walking function benefiting both within and beyond 6 months after injury, although the effects of ultra-early (< 3 months) versus early (3–6 months) intervention remain unclear, with maximal improvements observed at medium intensity (cumulative training duration of 1000–2000 min).