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<p>In petahertz (PHz)-based optical wireless communication (OWC), being proposed as an unbeatable wireless link for underwater communication, the channel model is characterized by both line-of-sight (LOS) and non-LOS (NLOS) components. On the other hand, additive white Gaussian noise (AWGN) distribution fails to appropriately characterize noise in an underwater scenario. However, recently proposed <i>α</i>-Beaulieu-Xie fading distribution, with <i>α</i> as a modified parameter, includes both NLOS and LOS components simultaneously to characterize wireless channel in an underwater scenario. Also, additive white generalized Gaussian noise (AWGGN), instead of AWGN distribution, shows perfect match with experimental data. In this research, performance analysis over <i>α</i>-Beaulieu-Xie fading in presence of AWGGN noise is presented under dual selection combining (SC) diversity. In particular, analytical expressions for error rate (ER) of modulation schemes such as BPSK, MQAM, and MPSK modulations over <i>α</i>-Beaulieu-Xie fading in presence of AWGGN noise are presented under dual SC diversity. In addition, asymptotic expressions of respective ER are presented. Effect of various fading parameters such as overall severity parameter of both LoS and NLoS (mX), severity parameter of LoS (mY), and fading parameter (<i>α</i>) on the presented error rates is quantified numerically. Also, the effect of noise parameter ‘p’ on ER of different modulation schemes is analyzed. Also, presented results are compared with those of closely related results available in the literature. This also proves the validity of presented expressions.</p>

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Error rates of underwater communication under AWGGN with SC diversity

  • 期刊论文

  • 出版模式：

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  • 发表日期：

    2026年7月8日

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  • S. Pratap Singh,
  • Amit Kumar,
  • Arun Prakash Agrawal,
  • Rajkumar Singh Rathore,
  • Ankush Kansal,
  • Ievgen Zaitsev

摘要

In petahertz (PHz)-based optical wireless communication (OWC), being proposed as an unbeatable wireless link for underwater communication, the channel model is characterized by both line-of-sight (LOS) and non-LOS (NLOS) components. On the other hand, additive white Gaussian noise (AWGN) distribution fails to appropriately characterize noise in an underwater scenario. However, recently proposed α-Beaulieu-Xie fading distribution, with α as a modified parameter, includes both NLOS and LOS components simultaneously to characterize wireless channel in an underwater scenario. Also, additive white generalized Gaussian noise (AWGGN), instead of AWGN distribution, shows perfect match with experimental data. In this research, performance analysis over α-Beaulieu-Xie fading in presence of AWGGN noise is presented under dual selection combining (SC) diversity. In particular, analytical expressions for error rate (ER) of modulation schemes such as BPSK, MQAM, and MPSK modulations over α-Beaulieu-Xie fading in presence of AWGGN noise are presented under dual SC diversity. In addition, asymptotic expressions of respective ER are presented. Effect of various fading parameters such as overall severity parameter of both LoS and NLoS (mX), severity parameter of LoS (mY), and fading parameter (α) on the presented error rates is quantified numerically. Also, the effect of noise parameter ‘p’ on ER of different modulation schemes is analyzed. Also, presented results are compared with those of closely related results available in the literature. This also proves the validity of presented expressions.