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Background <p>The purpose of this study was to identify the main greenhouse gas (GHG) emitting activities or products among the medical devices (MD) and medicines used in a polyvalent Intensive Care Unit (ICU).</p> Methods <p>A pragmatic eco-audit was conducted in a 21-beds polyvalent ICU, in Saint-Brieuc, Bretagne, France. It consisted of estimating GHG emissions of products or activities, considering process-based life cycle analysis (LCA), economic input–output analysis (EIO) and hybrid-LCA. Results were expressed as Carbon Dioxide Equivalent (CO<sub>2</sub><i>e</i>) emissions per patient-day considering each medication and MD (including personal protective equipment).</p> Results <p>With remaining uncertainty, GHG emissions were estimated at 61.1 kgCO<sub>2</sub><i>e</i> per patient-day. Two hundred and two individual MD were used per patient-day, equivalent to 5.1 kgCO<sub>2</sub><i>e</i> per patient-day (process-based LCA). Gloves accounted for the main part of kgCO<sub>2</sub><i>e</i> emissions (representing 1.8 kgCO<sub>2</sub><i>e</i> per patient-day). Then, syringes (1.1 kgCO<sub>2</sub><i>e</i> per patient-day), perfusion tubings (1.0 per patient-day) and gauze pads (0.4 kgCO<sub>2</sub><i>e</i> per patient-day) were the most important sources of MD related GHG emissions. Forty-seven individual medicines were used per patient-day. Most consumed medications were sterile water for injection, propofol, and sodium chlorure. The GHG emissions of medications were estimated with EIO-LCA at 21.5 kgCO<sub>2</sub><i>e</i> per patient-day, mostly due to injectable medicines (15.3 kgCO<sub>2</sub><i>e</i> per patient-day).</p> Conclusion <p>Upcoming studies focusing on actions on these particular hot spots would be of interest in order to significantly decrease GHG emissions but also to increase resilience of critical care.</p>

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Which carbon footprint for my ICU? Benchmark, hot spots and perspectives

  • 期刊论文

  • 出版模式：

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  • 发表日期：

    2025年3月20日

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  • Pierre Bardoult,
  • Elodie Cadic,
  • Olivier Brichory,
  • Véronique Marie,
  • Caroline Rouxel,
  • Christophe Millet,
  • Magalie Daudin,
  • Elodie Peguet,
  • Nicolas Massart

摘要

Background

The purpose of this study was to identify the main greenhouse gas (GHG) emitting activities or products among the medical devices (MD) and medicines used in a polyvalent Intensive Care Unit (ICU).

Methods

A pragmatic eco-audit was conducted in a 21-beds polyvalent ICU, in Saint-Brieuc, Bretagne, France. It consisted of estimating GHG emissions of products or activities, considering process-based life cycle analysis (LCA), economic input–output analysis (EIO) and hybrid-LCA. Results were expressed as Carbon Dioxide Equivalent (CO2e) emissions per patient-day considering each medication and MD (including personal protective equipment).

Results

With remaining uncertainty, GHG emissions were estimated at 61.1 kgCO2e per patient-day. Two hundred and two individual MD were used per patient-day, equivalent to 5.1 kgCO2e per patient-day (process-based LCA). Gloves accounted for the main part of kgCO2e emissions (representing 1.8 kgCO2e per patient-day). Then, syringes (1.1 kgCO2e per patient-day), perfusion tubings (1.0 per patient-day) and gauze pads (0.4 kgCO2e per patient-day) were the most important sources of MD related GHG emissions. Forty-seven individual medicines were used per patient-day. Most consumed medications were sterile water for injection, propofol, and sodium chlorure. The GHG emissions of medications were estimated with EIO-LCA at 21.5 kgCO2e per patient-day, mostly due to injectable medicines (15.3 kgCO2e per patient-day).

Conclusion

Upcoming studies focusing on actions on these particular hot spots would be of interest in order to significantly decrease GHG emissions but also to increase resilience of critical care.