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Background <p>Diabetes mellitus (DM) is associated with systemic metabolic disturbances across multiple organs. Total-body <sup>18</sup>F-fluorodeoxyglucose (F-FDG) PET/CT enables simultaneous quantification of glucose metabolism in numerous organs. This study aimed to characterize multi-organ <sup>18</sup>F-FDG uptake patterns in type 2 DM patients compared with healthy controls and to explore associations with clinical variables including brain volume.</p> Results <p>Compared with controls, DM patients exhibited significantly lower SUL<sub>mean</sub> in brain (− 15.3%, <i>P</i> &lt; 0.001), left ventricular myocardium (− 12.7%, <i>P</i> &lt; 0.001), and skull (− 9.8%, <i>P</i> = 0.003), and higher SUL<sub>mean</sub> in subcutaneous adipose tissue (+ 18.2%, <i>P</i> = 0.004). Differences remained significant after multivariable adjustment. Brain volume showed moderate positive correlations with SUL values across multiple organs (<i>r</i> = 0.44–0.63, <i>P</i> &lt; 0.01), and these associations remained significant after adjustment. DM duration negatively correlated with brain and skull SUL<sub>mean</sub> (<i>r</i> = − 0.33 to − 0.46, <i>P</i> &lt; 0.05).</p> Conclusions <p>Type 2 DM is characterized by selective glucose hypometabolism in high-energy-demand organs and compensatory adipose activation. Independent associations with brain volume and disease duration suggest potential imaging biomarkers for diabetic complications using total-body PET/CT.</p>

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Multi-organ glucose metabolism alterations in diabetes mellitus: a total-body 18F-FDG PET/CT study

  • 期刊论文

  • 出版模式：

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  • 发表日期：

    2026年4月2日

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  • Minghua Wang,
  • Lubing Sun,
  • Yaping Wu,
  • Junpeng Yang,
  • Junting Liang,
  • Nan Meng,
  • Yichun Jiao,
  • Xinyu Guo,
  • Xipeng Yue,
  • Jingjing Lv,
  • Lili Yu,
  • Tao Sun,
  • Meiyun Wang,
  • Chuanliang Chen

摘要

Background

Diabetes mellitus (DM) is associated with systemic metabolic disturbances across multiple organs. Total-body 18F-fluorodeoxyglucose (F-FDG) PET/CT enables simultaneous quantification of glucose metabolism in numerous organs. This study aimed to characterize multi-organ 18F-FDG uptake patterns in type 2 DM patients compared with healthy controls and to explore associations with clinical variables including brain volume.

Results

Compared with controls, DM patients exhibited significantly lower SULmean in brain (− 15.3%, P < 0.001), left ventricular myocardium (− 12.7%, P < 0.001), and skull (− 9.8%, P = 0.003), and higher SULmean in subcutaneous adipose tissue (+ 18.2%, P = 0.004). Differences remained significant after multivariable adjustment. Brain volume showed moderate positive correlations with SUL values across multiple organs (r = 0.44–0.63, P < 0.01), and these associations remained significant after adjustment. DM duration negatively correlated with brain and skull SULmean (r = − 0.33 to − 0.46, P < 0.05).

Conclusions

Type 2 DM is characterized by selective glucose hypometabolism in high-energy-demand organs and compensatory adipose activation. Independent associations with brain volume and disease duration suggest potential imaging biomarkers for diabetic complications using total-body PET/CT.