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Background <p>Targeted alpha therapy (TAT) with <sup>225</sup>Ac has shown promising results in metastatic castration-resistant prostate cancer (mCRPC) patients pre-treated with [<sup>177</sup>Lu]Lu-PSMA radioligand therapy (RLT). A combination treatment regimen adding <sup>177</sup>Lu to decreased <sup>225</sup>Ac activities may improve toxicity profile while maintaining sufficient anti-tumor effect. We therefore evaluated clinical and image-based response parameters in patients treated with <sup>225</sup>Ac-/<sup>177</sup>Lu-PSMA combination therapies (ALCT).</p> Results <p>Complete response (RECIP-CR), partial response (RECIP-PR), stable disease (RECIP-SD), progressive disease (RECIP-PD) according to RECIP 1.0 was observed in 0/25 (0%), 12/25 (48%), 9/25 (36%) and 4/25 (16%) patients, respectively. Response by RECIP + PSA was observed in 14/25 (56%) patients and progression by RECIP + PSA in 8/25 (32%) patients. Interrater reliability for visual RECIP was substantial (κ = 0.757, <i>p</i> &lt; 0.001), while agreement between visual and quantitative RECIP was almost fully congruent (κ = 0.879, <i>p</i> &lt; 0.001). OS did not significantly vary among the four different therapy regimens (<i>p</i> &gt; 0.05). When grouping patients with declining / stable PSA as responders, these patients showed no significant difference in overall survival compared to patients with progressive PSA after ALCT (<i>p</i> = 0.312). Similarly, there was no significant difference in median overall survival between patients without RECIP-progression (RECIP-PR + RECIP-SD) and patients with RECIP-progression (RECIP-PD) (<i>p</i> &gt; 0.05), but when applying the composite classification, RECIP + PSA responders survived significantly longer compared to patients with RECIP + PSA progression (<i>p</i> = 0.049).</p> Conclusions <p>ALCT is a promising therapeutic regimen that may prolong survival in patients who progress during [<sup>177</sup>Lu]Lu-PSMA RLT. Our results motivate to further investigate the use of RECIP + PSA as tool for response assessment and for overall survival prediction in mCRPC under ALCT.</p>

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RECIP 1.0 + PSA for response assessment in mCRPC patients treated with 225Ac / 177Lu PSMA combination therapy

  • 期刊论文

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  • 发表日期：

    2025年3月4日

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  • Gabriel T. Sheikh,
  • Astrid Delker,
  • Mathias J. Zacherl,
  • Adrien Holzgreve,
  • Sarah L. Takayama Fouladgar,
  • Marcus Unterrainer,
  • Johannes Rübenthaler,
  • Jozefina Casuscelli,
  • Andrei Gafita,
  • Lena M. Unterrainer

摘要

Background

Targeted alpha therapy (TAT) with 225Ac has shown promising results in metastatic castration-resistant prostate cancer (mCRPC) patients pre-treated with [177Lu]Lu-PSMA radioligand therapy (RLT). A combination treatment regimen adding 177Lu to decreased 225Ac activities may improve toxicity profile while maintaining sufficient anti-tumor effect. We therefore evaluated clinical and image-based response parameters in patients treated with 225Ac-/177Lu-PSMA combination therapies (ALCT).

Results

Complete response (RECIP-CR), partial response (RECIP-PR), stable disease (RECIP-SD), progressive disease (RECIP-PD) according to RECIP 1.0 was observed in 0/25 (0%), 12/25 (48%), 9/25 (36%) and 4/25 (16%) patients, respectively. Response by RECIP + PSA was observed in 14/25 (56%) patients and progression by RECIP + PSA in 8/25 (32%) patients. Interrater reliability for visual RECIP was substantial (κ = 0.757, p < 0.001), while agreement between visual and quantitative RECIP was almost fully congruent (κ = 0.879, p < 0.001). OS did not significantly vary among the four different therapy regimens (p > 0.05). When grouping patients with declining / stable PSA as responders, these patients showed no significant difference in overall survival compared to patients with progressive PSA after ALCT (p = 0.312). Similarly, there was no significant difference in median overall survival between patients without RECIP-progression (RECIP-PR + RECIP-SD) and patients with RECIP-progression (RECIP-PD) (p > 0.05), but when applying the composite classification, RECIP + PSA responders survived significantly longer compared to patients with RECIP + PSA progression (p = 0.049).

Conclusions

ALCT is a promising therapeutic regimen that may prolong survival in patients who progress during [177Lu]Lu-PSMA RLT. Our results motivate to further investigate the use of RECIP + PSA as tool for response assessment and for overall survival prediction in mCRPC under ALCT.