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Background <p>Osteoarthritis (OA) is a joint disorder that severely affects patients’ mobility, overall health, and ability to perform daily activities. Despite advancements in therapeutic strategies, stem cell-based therapies for OA still face challenges, particularly in enhancing the antioxidative capacity of stem cells to improve therapeutic outcomes. Therefore, this study aimed to explore the potential of β-sitosterol in this context.</p> Methods <p>This study evaluated the protective effects of β-sitosterol on bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells (BMSCs) and chondrocytes under oxidative stress conditions and assessed its potential in promoting cartilage repair in a rabbit OA model. Cell viability, gene expression, oxidative stress markers, and mitochondrial function were examined. In vivo therapeutic effects were evaluated through histological and immunohistochemical analyses.</p> Results <p>The results revealed that β-sitosterol significantly enhanced BMSC viability, upregulated the expression of Col2a1 and aggrecan, while inhibiting MMP13 expression. Furthermore, β-sitosterol effectively alleviated oxidative stress and preserved mitochondrial function in BMSCs. Notably, BMSCs pretreated with β-Sitosterol exhibited a higher potential for facilitating cartilage regeneration in the OA model, as evidence by histopathological analysis.</p> Conclusions <p>These findings suggest that β-sitosterol possesses significant antioxidative and chondroprotective properties, which enhance the therapeutic efficacy of BMSCs in addressing OA-related cartilage damage.</p>

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β-Sitosterol preconditioning enhances the resistance of BMSCs and chondrocyte to oxidative stress and promotes cartilage repair in osteoarthritis

  • 期刊论文

  • 出版模式：

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  • 发表日期：

    2025年8月26日

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  • Chengyin Liu,
  • Xiaoman Wang,
  • Yanyan Zhang,
  • Hongfan Ge,
  • Qi Chang,
  • Zhenlei Zhou

摘要

Background

Osteoarthritis (OA) is a joint disorder that severely affects patients’ mobility, overall health, and ability to perform daily activities. Despite advancements in therapeutic strategies, stem cell-based therapies for OA still face challenges, particularly in enhancing the antioxidative capacity of stem cells to improve therapeutic outcomes. Therefore, this study aimed to explore the potential of β-sitosterol in this context.

Methods

This study evaluated the protective effects of β-sitosterol on bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells (BMSCs) and chondrocytes under oxidative stress conditions and assessed its potential in promoting cartilage repair in a rabbit OA model. Cell viability, gene expression, oxidative stress markers, and mitochondrial function were examined. In vivo therapeutic effects were evaluated through histological and immunohistochemical analyses.

Results

The results revealed that β-sitosterol significantly enhanced BMSC viability, upregulated the expression of Col2a1 and aggrecan, while inhibiting MMP13 expression. Furthermore, β-sitosterol effectively alleviated oxidative stress and preserved mitochondrial function in BMSCs. Notably, BMSCs pretreated with β-Sitosterol exhibited a higher potential for facilitating cartilage regeneration in the OA model, as evidence by histopathological analysis.

Conclusions

These findings suggest that β-sitosterol possesses significant antioxidative and chondroprotective properties, which enhance the therapeutic efficacy of BMSCs in addressing OA-related cartilage damage.