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Background <p>The ABO blood group system categorizes human blood according to the inherited characteristics of erythrocytes, which are defined by the presence or absence of antigens A and B located on the surface of red blood cells. In the absence of these antigens, the body produces natural antibodies.</p> Case presentation <p>In this case report, we present a 42-year-old man of Iranian (Persian) ethnicity who was a blood donor at the Arak transfusion center. Forward and reverse typing showed a discrepancy, with AB as the cell type and O blood group as the back type results.</p> Conclusion <p>This report shares our experience of unexpected anti-A and anti-B antibodies presence in AB blood group. Finally, it was discovered that the patient has an A2B blood group with clinically insignificant anti-A1 antibodies. The reason behind the occurrence of B antibodies in this case is still unknown but can be considered an acquired B phenomenon. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first report of anti-B antibodies in a patient with an A2B blood type in Iran.</p>

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Unexpected occurrence of anti-B antibodies in a patient with A2B blood group: a case report and review of literature

  • 期刊论文

  • 出版模式：

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  • 发表日期：

    2025年9月26日

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  • Fatemeh Kalhori,
  • Masoumeh Babakhani,
  • Mohammad Sayyadi

摘要

Background

The ABO blood group system categorizes human blood according to the inherited characteristics of erythrocytes, which are defined by the presence or absence of antigens A and B located on the surface of red blood cells. In the absence of these antigens, the body produces natural antibodies.

Case presentation

In this case report, we present a 42-year-old man of Iranian (Persian) ethnicity who was a blood donor at the Arak transfusion center. Forward and reverse typing showed a discrepancy, with AB as the cell type and O blood group as the back type results.

Conclusion

This report shares our experience of unexpected anti-A and anti-B antibodies presence in AB blood group. Finally, it was discovered that the patient has an A2B blood group with clinically insignificant anti-A1 antibodies. The reason behind the occurrence of B antibodies in this case is still unknown but can be considered an acquired B phenomenon. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first report of anti-B antibodies in a patient with an A2B blood type in Iran.