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Background <p>Oxidative stress–related processes contribute to exercise physiology through redox-sensitive signaling, yet when oxidant production exceeds antioxidant buffering, oxidative modifications may be reflected in circulating biomarkers. Evidence in elite female endurance athletes remains limited, particularly in cross-country skiers, and interpretation should be restricted to biomarker-level descriptions within the constraints of cross-sectional designs.</p> Methods <p>This cross-sectional comparative study included 17 elite female cross-country skiers and 17 age- and BMI-matched sedentary women (15–20 years). Following a 10–12&#xa0;h overnight fast, participants attended the laboratory between 07:00 and 09:00 a.m.; venous blood was collected under standardized resting conditions. Serum catalase (CAT) activity, total glutathione (GSH), and TBARS-derived malondialdehyde (MDA) were quantified using spectrophotometric methods. Between-group differences were tested using the Mann–Whitney U test, with effect sizes expressed as Cliff’s delta (δ) and 95% confidence intervals. Within-group associations among CAT, GSH, and MDA were examined using Spearman correlations (ρ).</p> Results <p>Compared with controls, skiers showed higher CAT activity (<i>p</i> &lt; 0.001; δ = 0.765, large) and higher GSH concentrations (<i>p</i> = 0.006; δ = 0.554, large), while TBARS-derived MDA was lower in skiers (<i>p</i> &lt; 0.001; δ = −0.848, large; indicating higher values in controls). Within the skier group, CAT and GSH were moderately correlated (ρ = 0.57, <i>p</i> = 0.017), whereas no significant CAT–GSH association was observed in controls. No significant correlations were detected between CAT and MDA or between GSH and MDA in either group (all <i>p</i> ≥ 0.05).</p> Conclusions <p>Elite female cross-country skiers exhibited robust between-group differences in selected circulating redox-related biomarkers at rest, characterized by higher CAT and GSH and lower TBARS-derived MDA relative to sedentary women. These findings describe biomarker-level group separation and should be interpreted as association-level observations without causal attribution, claims of systemic redox homeostasis, or direct inference of training adaptation, recovery, or performance effects (ClinicalTrials.gov identifier: NCT07181889, Date 2025-09-12).</p>

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Oxidative stress and antioxidant enzyme activities in elite female Turkish cross-country skiers

  • 期刊论文

  • 出版模式：

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  • 发表日期：

    2026年4月9日

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  • Sinan Seyhan,
  • Muhammed Fatih Bilici,
  • Halit Demir,
  • Omer Faruk Bilici,
  • Muhammed Zahit Kahraman,
  • Mehmet Furkan Sahin,
  • Sinan Aglar,
  • Caglar Soylu,
  • Görkem Acar,
  • Serkan Kızılca

摘要

Background

Oxidative stress–related processes contribute to exercise physiology through redox-sensitive signaling, yet when oxidant production exceeds antioxidant buffering, oxidative modifications may be reflected in circulating biomarkers. Evidence in elite female endurance athletes remains limited, particularly in cross-country skiers, and interpretation should be restricted to biomarker-level descriptions within the constraints of cross-sectional designs.

Methods

This cross-sectional comparative study included 17 elite female cross-country skiers and 17 age- and BMI-matched sedentary women (15–20 years). Following a 10–12 h overnight fast, participants attended the laboratory between 07:00 and 09:00 a.m.; venous blood was collected under standardized resting conditions. Serum catalase (CAT) activity, total glutathione (GSH), and TBARS-derived malondialdehyde (MDA) were quantified using spectrophotometric methods. Between-group differences were tested using the Mann–Whitney U test, with effect sizes expressed as Cliff’s delta (δ) and 95% confidence intervals. Within-group associations among CAT, GSH, and MDA were examined using Spearman correlations (ρ).

Results

Compared with controls, skiers showed higher CAT activity (p < 0.001; δ = 0.765, large) and higher GSH concentrations (p = 0.006; δ = 0.554, large), while TBARS-derived MDA was lower in skiers (p < 0.001; δ = −0.848, large; indicating higher values in controls). Within the skier group, CAT and GSH were moderately correlated (ρ = 0.57, p = 0.017), whereas no significant CAT–GSH association was observed in controls. No significant correlations were detected between CAT and MDA or between GSH and MDA in either group (all p ≥ 0.05).

Conclusions

Elite female cross-country skiers exhibited robust between-group differences in selected circulating redox-related biomarkers at rest, characterized by higher CAT and GSH and lower TBARS-derived MDA relative to sedentary women. These findings describe biomarker-level group separation and should be interpreted as association-level observations without causal attribution, claims of systemic redox homeostasis, or direct inference of training adaptation, recovery, or performance effects (ClinicalTrials.gov identifier: NCT07181889, Date 2025-09-12).