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Background <p>This study examines how diabetes mellitus (DM), specifically its diagnostic status and duration, influences dementia risk in individuals with a history of myocardial infarction (MI). We evaluated whether DM correlates with an increased incidence of all-cause dementia, as well as Alzheimer’s disease (AD) and vascular dementia (VaD).</p> Methods <p>Utilizing from the Korean National Health Insurance Database (K-NHID), this retrospective cohort study included 43,561 patients with a history of MI but no prior dementia diagnosis, tracked from 2009 to 2018. Glycemic status was categorized into normoglycemia, impaired fasting glucose (IFG), new-onset DM, and established DM of durations &lt; 5 and ≥ 5 years. The primary outcome was all-cause dementia.</p> Results <p>During the median follow-up of 7.6 years, the incidence of dementia was 10.1%. Patients with established DM (≥ 5 years) exhibited a significantly higher risk of developing all-cause dementia compared to those with normoglycemia. The findings were consistent in both AD and VaD. Subgroup analyses revealed that younger patients (&lt; 65 years) faced an even greater risk of dementia.</p> Conclusions <p>We found a significant association between the duration of DM and an elevated risk of all-cause dementia, along with AD and VaD in post-MI patients. Our findings highlight the importance of diabetes management in preserving brain health among patients with a history of myocardial infarction.</p>

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Diabetes status, duration and risk of dementia in patients with myocardial infarction

  • 期刊论文

  • 出版模式：

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  • 发表日期：

    2025年7月28日

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  • Dae Young Cheon,
  • Kyungdo Han,
  • Ye Seul Yang,
  • Minwoo Lee,
  • Mi Sun Oh

摘要

Background

This study examines how diabetes mellitus (DM), specifically its diagnostic status and duration, influences dementia risk in individuals with a history of myocardial infarction (MI). We evaluated whether DM correlates with an increased incidence of all-cause dementia, as well as Alzheimer’s disease (AD) and vascular dementia (VaD).

Methods

Utilizing from the Korean National Health Insurance Database (K-NHID), this retrospective cohort study included 43,561 patients with a history of MI but no prior dementia diagnosis, tracked from 2009 to 2018. Glycemic status was categorized into normoglycemia, impaired fasting glucose (IFG), new-onset DM, and established DM of durations < 5 and ≥ 5 years. The primary outcome was all-cause dementia.

Results

During the median follow-up of 7.6 years, the incidence of dementia was 10.1%. Patients with established DM (≥ 5 years) exhibited a significantly higher risk of developing all-cause dementia compared to those with normoglycemia. The findings were consistent in both AD and VaD. Subgroup analyses revealed that younger patients (< 65 years) faced an even greater risk of dementia.

Conclusions

We found a significant association between the duration of DM and an elevated risk of all-cause dementia, along with AD and VaD in post-MI patients. Our findings highlight the importance of diabetes management in preserving brain health among patients with a history of myocardial infarction.