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Background <p>The global burden of tick-borne viral diseases (TBVDs) has significantly increased in recent decades, emerging as a critical public health priority due to their diverse pathogenic profiles, severe disease outcomes, and therapeutic challenges. Within the expanding landscape of tick-borne pathogens, the <i>Orthonairovirus</i> genus has gained particular scientific attention for its members’ zoonotic capacity and clinical virulence<i>. Orthonairoviruses</i> are arboviruses that infect humans and animals, posing a serious threat for the spread of zoonotic diseases. Huangpi tick virus 1 (HpTV-1), a member of the genus <i>Orthonairovirus</i>, has been detected in ticks.</p> Methods <p><i>Haemaphysalis longicornis</i> collected in 2023 from Central China were pooled for RNA-seq and reverse transcription quantitative polymerase chain reaction (RT-qPCR) screening. Genomes were assembled and viruses isolated in suckling mice and Vero E6. Replication kinetics, mouse pathogenesis, and 223 livestock sera were assessed.</p> Results <p>In the present study, we isolated HpTV-1 from <i>Haemaphysalis longicornis</i> in Central China. Viral genome and phylogenetic analyses placed HpTV-1 in a distinct clade close to the Songling and Tamdy viruses within the <i>Nairoviridae</i> family. In vitro experiments demonstrated that HpTV-1 infects a wide range of animal and human cell lines. Importantly, all infected C57BL/6 mice survived without overt signs of severe disease while developing only minor pathological lesions in specific organs (liver, spleen, and lungs). Serological surveys revealed HpTV-1 antibodies, including neutralizing antibodies, in 16.1% of the goats, suggesting that HpTV-1 can infect livestock.</p> Conclusions <p>These findings suggest that HpTV-1 is an <i>Orthonairovirus</i> capable of infecting animals, highlighting its potential risk and the need for enhanced surveillance and research, particularly in Central China and other endemic regions.</p> Graphical Abstract <p></p>

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Isolation of Huangpi tick virus 1 and assessment of potential zoonotic relevance

  • 期刊论文

  • 出版模式：

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  • 发表日期：

    2026年3月9日

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  • Liyan Fu,
  • Chenxuan Li,
  • Jun Ni,
  • Jin Qian,
  • Jian Xiao,
  • Qiong Zhu,
  • Shouwei Huang,
  • Jinfeng Xiong,
  • Qi Chen,
  • Xuhua Guan,
  • Rui Fang,
  • Du Fen,
  • Shuang Tang,
  • Fei Deng,
  • Dan Liu,
  • Shu Shen,
  • Xiaoli Wu

摘要

Background

The global burden of tick-borne viral diseases (TBVDs) has significantly increased in recent decades, emerging as a critical public health priority due to their diverse pathogenic profiles, severe disease outcomes, and therapeutic challenges. Within the expanding landscape of tick-borne pathogens, the Orthonairovirus genus has gained particular scientific attention for its members’ zoonotic capacity and clinical virulence. Orthonairoviruses are arboviruses that infect humans and animals, posing a serious threat for the spread of zoonotic diseases. Huangpi tick virus 1 (HpTV-1), a member of the genus Orthonairovirus, has been detected in ticks.

Methods

Haemaphysalis longicornis collected in 2023 from Central China were pooled for RNA-seq and reverse transcription quantitative polymerase chain reaction (RT-qPCR) screening. Genomes were assembled and viruses isolated in suckling mice and Vero E6. Replication kinetics, mouse pathogenesis, and 223 livestock sera were assessed.

Results

In the present study, we isolated HpTV-1 from Haemaphysalis longicornis in Central China. Viral genome and phylogenetic analyses placed HpTV-1 in a distinct clade close to the Songling and Tamdy viruses within the Nairoviridae family. In vitro experiments demonstrated that HpTV-1 infects a wide range of animal and human cell lines. Importantly, all infected C57BL/6 mice survived without overt signs of severe disease while developing only minor pathological lesions in specific organs (liver, spleen, and lungs). Serological surveys revealed HpTV-1 antibodies, including neutralizing antibodies, in 16.1% of the goats, suggesting that HpTV-1 can infect livestock.

Conclusions

These findings suggest that HpTV-1 is an Orthonairovirus capable of infecting animals, highlighting its potential risk and the need for enhanced surveillance and research, particularly in Central China and other endemic regions.

Graphical Abstract