<p>RNA modifications influence RNA function and fate, but detecting them in individual molecules remains challenging for most modifications. Here we present a novel methodology to generate training sets and build modification-aware basecalling models. Using this approach, we develop the <i>m</i><sup><i>6</i></sup><i>ABasecaller</i>, a basecalling model that predicts m<sup>6</sup>A modifications from raw nanopore signals. We validate its accuracy in vitro and in vivo, revealing stable m<sup>6</sup>A modification stoichiometry across isoforms, m<sup>6</sup>A co-occurrence within RNA molecules, and m<sup>6</sup>A-dependent effects on poly(A) tails. Finally, we demonstrate that our method generalizes to other RNA and DNA modifications, paving the path towards future efforts detecting other modifications.</p>

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De novo basecalling of RNA modifications at single molecule and nucleotide resolution

  • Sonia Cruciani,
  • Anna Delgado-Tejedor,
  • Leszek P. Pryszcz,
  • Rebeca Medina,
  • Laia Llovera,
  • Eva Maria Novoa

摘要

RNA modifications influence RNA function and fate, but detecting them in individual molecules remains challenging for most modifications. Here we present a novel methodology to generate training sets and build modification-aware basecalling models. Using this approach, we develop the m6ABasecaller, a basecalling model that predicts m6A modifications from raw nanopore signals. We validate its accuracy in vitro and in vivo, revealing stable m6A modification stoichiometry across isoforms, m6A co-occurrence within RNA molecules, and m6A-dependent effects on poly(A) tails. Finally, we demonstrate that our method generalizes to other RNA and DNA modifications, paving the path towards future efforts detecting other modifications.