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Background <p>Despite recent improvements in prognosis, breast cancer remains the leading cause of cancer-related mortality in women worldwide. Survival rates vary across breast cancer subtypes. HER2, an oncogene, is amplified in approximately 25% of primary breast cancers and associated with an aggressive clinical course and a poor prognosis.&#xa0;Although HER2-targeted therapies induce significant and durable responses, resistance remains prevalent.RPL19 is coexpressed and positively correlated with HER2.</p> Methods <p>Analysis of The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) revealed RPL19 upregulation in HER2-amplified breast cancer. Further validation with paired breast cancer and adjacent normal tissues confirmed the differential expression of RPL19 in HER2-amplified breast cancer. In vitro and in vivo functional assays demonstrated that RPL19 promotes the growth and metastasis of HER2-amplified breast cancer cells. Mechanistically, RPL19 upregulates IL-4 via the transcription factor JUN. RPL19 promotes tumor cell proliferation, migration, and invasion, and reduces their sensitivity to trastuzumab through the IL-4/p-STAT6 signaling pathway. In the tumor microenvironment, RPL19 inhibits macrophage-mediated phagocytosis of tumor cells by regulating IL-4 secretion, further promoting tumor progression.</p> Results <p>In summary, RPL19 is overexpressed in HER2-amplified breast cancer and promotes tumor cell growth, metastasis, and reduces their sensitivity to trastuzumab. Through JUN-mediated regulation of IL-4, RPL19 influences the progression and reduces their sensitivity to trastuzumab of HER2-amplified breast cancer via the IL-4/p-STAT6 signaling and IL-4-mediated macrophage phagocytosis pathways.</p> Conclusions <p>These pathways may represent novel therapeutic targets for HER2-amplified breast cancer.</p>

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Mechanism of IL-4 mediated RPL19 promoting malignant progression in HER2 positive breast cancer

  • 期刊论文

  • 出版模式：

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  • 发表日期：

    2026年2月21日

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  • Nana Zhang,
  • Jian Zhang,
  • Junchao Shao,
  • Zhenfeng Huang,
  • Jinxing Zhang,
  • Hao Wang,
  • Liangshuang Lv,
  • Zibo Shen,
  • Peng Zhang,
  • Bing Liu,
  • Guoqiang Zhang,
  • Ming Shan

摘要

Background

Despite recent improvements in prognosis, breast cancer remains the leading cause of cancer-related mortality in women worldwide. Survival rates vary across breast cancer subtypes. HER2, an oncogene, is amplified in approximately 25% of primary breast cancers and associated with an aggressive clinical course and a poor prognosis. Although HER2-targeted therapies induce significant and durable responses, resistance remains prevalent.RPL19 is coexpressed and positively correlated with HER2.

Methods

Analysis of The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) revealed RPL19 upregulation in HER2-amplified breast cancer. Further validation with paired breast cancer and adjacent normal tissues confirmed the differential expression of RPL19 in HER2-amplified breast cancer. In vitro and in vivo functional assays demonstrated that RPL19 promotes the growth and metastasis of HER2-amplified breast cancer cells. Mechanistically, RPL19 upregulates IL-4 via the transcription factor JUN. RPL19 promotes tumor cell proliferation, migration, and invasion, and reduces their sensitivity to trastuzumab through the IL-4/p-STAT6 signaling pathway. In the tumor microenvironment, RPL19 inhibits macrophage-mediated phagocytosis of tumor cells by regulating IL-4 secretion, further promoting tumor progression.

Results

In summary, RPL19 is overexpressed in HER2-amplified breast cancer and promotes tumor cell growth, metastasis, and reduces their sensitivity to trastuzumab. Through JUN-mediated regulation of IL-4, RPL19 influences the progression and reduces their sensitivity to trastuzumab of HER2-amplified breast cancer via the IL-4/p-STAT6 signaling and IL-4-mediated macrophage phagocytosis pathways.

Conclusions

These pathways may represent novel therapeutic targets for HER2-amplified breast cancer.