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Introduction <p>This study aimed to develop and validate a non-breath-holding contrast-enhanced electrical impedance tomography (EIT) method using low-pass filtering for bedside assessment of regional lung perfusion in mechanically ventilated ICU patients.</p> Methods <p>This was a randomized cross-over trial. Each patient received two 10 mL 10% NaCl bolus injections via a central venous catheter, performed respectively during an end-expiratory pause (apnea) and during ongoing mechanical ventilation (non-apnea). In the non-apnea method, a 0.17&#xa0;Hz low-pass filter was used to remove respiratory interference during perfusion analysis. Pixel-wise correlation was assessed using Spearman correlation analysis.</p> Results <p>20 mechanically ventilated ICU patients were included in the final analysis. Pixel-wise perfusion correlation between apnea and non-apnea methods showed good overall consistency (median <i>r</i> = 0.94, IQR 0.90–0.97). Global V/Q match%, dead space%, and shunt% were comparable between the two methods. The impedance drop duration was significantly shorter in the non-apnea method (5.3&#xa0;s vs. 6.1&#xa0;s, <i>p</i> = 0.008).</p> Conclusion <p>The non-apnea contrast-EIT method provides consistent lung perfusion images with the conventional apnea method, expanding EIT applicability to patients intolerant to apnea and potentially yielding more physiologically realistic results.</p>

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Lung perfusion estimation by saline-contrast EIT without breath hold: a randomized cross-over trial

  • 期刊论文

  • 出版模式：

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  • 发表日期：

    2026年1月5日

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  • Yelin Gao,
  • Qiuyan Cai,
  • Siyi Yuan,
  • Mengru Xu,
  • Songlin Wu,
  • Andy Adler,
  • Yun Long,
  • Zhanqi Zhao,
  • Huaiwu He

摘要

Introduction

This study aimed to develop and validate a non-breath-holding contrast-enhanced electrical impedance tomography (EIT) method using low-pass filtering for bedside assessment of regional lung perfusion in mechanically ventilated ICU patients.

Methods

This was a randomized cross-over trial. Each patient received two 10 mL 10% NaCl bolus injections via a central venous catheter, performed respectively during an end-expiratory pause (apnea) and during ongoing mechanical ventilation (non-apnea). In the non-apnea method, a 0.17 Hz low-pass filter was used to remove respiratory interference during perfusion analysis. Pixel-wise correlation was assessed using Spearman correlation analysis.

Results

20 mechanically ventilated ICU patients were included in the final analysis. Pixel-wise perfusion correlation between apnea and non-apnea methods showed good overall consistency (median r = 0.94, IQR 0.90–0.97). Global V/Q match%, dead space%, and shunt% were comparable between the two methods. The impedance drop duration was significantly shorter in the non-apnea method (5.3 s vs. 6.1 s, p = 0.008).

Conclusion

The non-apnea contrast-EIT method provides consistent lung perfusion images with the conventional apnea method, expanding EIT applicability to patients intolerant to apnea and potentially yielding more physiologically realistic results.