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Background <p>Subacute sclerosing panencephalitis (SSPE) is a chronic progressive disease affecting the central nervous system (CNS) because of persistent measles virus (MeV) infection. The disease presents with a range of symptoms, starting with gradual cognitive and motor decline, progressing to coma, vegetative state, and typically resulting in death within 3–4 years of clinical onset. The incidence of SSPE is inversely related to vaccination coverage and its pathogenesis remains poorly understood. The primary risk factor is infection by the wild type of measles virus, particularly in individuals who may be predisposed to infection due to a lack of herd immunity or immunosuppressed states. Furthermore, the risk of developing SSPE increases with the younger age at which a person contracts measles.</p> Case presentation <p>We provide a description of the disease, characterizing its clinical course, diagnostic work-up and treatment options. We will also present a series of cases observed at the Santobono-Pausilipon Children’s Hospital, in Naples, Italy, highlighting both typical and atypical presentations, with a particular emphasis on the pharmacological and neurosurgical treatments for the condition.</p> Conclusions <p>The objective of this study is to raise awareness about the increasing prevalence of conditions following the SARS-Cov2 pandemic, with an emphasis on the importance of vaccination adherence as the only effective prevention method for SSPE.</p>

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Subacute sclerosing panencephalitis as a re-emerging condition due to low vaccination coverage: a case-series

  • 期刊论文

  • 出版模式：

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  • 发表日期：

    2025年6月7日

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  • Gabriella Errichiello,
  • Francesco Tengattini,
  • Silvia Gioacchini,
  • Maria Fulvia De Leva,
  • Stefania Graziano,
  • Giorgia Bruno,
  • Paola Bucci,
  • Emilio D’Ugo,
  • Claudio Ruggiero,
  • Fabio Magurano,
  • Antonio Varone

摘要

Background

Subacute sclerosing panencephalitis (SSPE) is a chronic progressive disease affecting the central nervous system (CNS) because of persistent measles virus (MeV) infection. The disease presents with a range of symptoms, starting with gradual cognitive and motor decline, progressing to coma, vegetative state, and typically resulting in death within 3–4 years of clinical onset. The incidence of SSPE is inversely related to vaccination coverage and its pathogenesis remains poorly understood. The primary risk factor is infection by the wild type of measles virus, particularly in individuals who may be predisposed to infection due to a lack of herd immunity or immunosuppressed states. Furthermore, the risk of developing SSPE increases with the younger age at which a person contracts measles.

Case presentation

We provide a description of the disease, characterizing its clinical course, diagnostic work-up and treatment options. We will also present a series of cases observed at the Santobono-Pausilipon Children’s Hospital, in Naples, Italy, highlighting both typical and atypical presentations, with a particular emphasis on the pharmacological and neurosurgical treatments for the condition.

Conclusions

The objective of this study is to raise awareness about the increasing prevalence of conditions following the SARS-Cov2 pandemic, with an emphasis on the importance of vaccination adherence as the only effective prevention method for SSPE.