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Purpose <p>To methodically evaluate the relationship between the prognosis of individuals with differentiated thyroid carcinoma (DTC) and Graves’ disease (GD).</p> Methods <p>We comprehensively searched the databases of PubMed, EMbase, Web of Science and Cochrane Library from inception to April 2025. We included published studies that compared the risk of recurrence/persistence, the risk of mortality and disease-free survival (DFS) between DTC patients with GD and those with non-GD. Two researchers evaluated the quality of the literature eligible for inclusion and extracted the data.</p> Results <p>A total of four case-control studies and eleven cohort studies were included (1215 TC patients with GD and 3330 TC patients with non-GD). The meta-analysis suggested that GD might be associated with a higher risk of recurrence/persistence of coexisting DTC (OR 3.39, CI 95% 1.34–8.57 and <i>P</i> = 0.008), especially when the tumor diameter was ≧ 1&#xa0;cm (OR 5.39 and CI 95% 1.38–21.07, <i>P</i> = 0.038). The risk of mortality was significantly different between the GD group and non-GD group (OR 2.37, CI 95% 1.04–5.39 and <i>P</i> = 0.04), especially when the follow-up time ≧ 10 years (OR = 9.79, CI 95% 2.48–38.72 and <i>P</i> = 0.001). The DFS was not significantly different between the GD group and non-GD group (OR 0.51, CI 95% 0.11–2.32 and <i>P</i> &lt; 0.001).</p> Conclusion <p>GD may be associated with a higher risk of recurrence/persistence of coexisting DTC, and DTC patients with GD had a higher risk of mortality than non-GD, especially when the follow-up time was more than 10 years. Due to the substantial heterogeneity and insufficient event data, it is difficult to draw a definitive conclusion regarding a potential increased risk of DTC recurrence/persistence in GD patients with the tumor diameter was ≥ 1&#xa0;cm, whereas the clinical outcome of small thyroid cancer (the tumor diameter &lt; 1&#xa0;cm) is not related to the presence/absence of GD.</p>

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Prognosis of differentiated thyroid cancer in patients with Graves’ disease: a meta-analysis

  • 期刊论文

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  • 发表日期：

    2025年11月4日

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  • Dongjin Zhang,
  • Guofeng Zhang,
  • Yushu Li,
  • He Liu,
  • Zhongyan Shan,
  • Weiping Teng

摘要

Purpose

To methodically evaluate the relationship between the prognosis of individuals with differentiated thyroid carcinoma (DTC) and Graves’ disease (GD).

Methods

We comprehensively searched the databases of PubMed, EMbase, Web of Science and Cochrane Library from inception to April 2025. We included published studies that compared the risk of recurrence/persistence, the risk of mortality and disease-free survival (DFS) between DTC patients with GD and those with non-GD. Two researchers evaluated the quality of the literature eligible for inclusion and extracted the data.

Results

A total of four case-control studies and eleven cohort studies were included (1215 TC patients with GD and 3330 TC patients with non-GD). The meta-analysis suggested that GD might be associated with a higher risk of recurrence/persistence of coexisting DTC (OR 3.39, CI 95% 1.34–8.57 and P = 0.008), especially when the tumor diameter was ≧ 1 cm (OR 5.39 and CI 95% 1.38–21.07, P = 0.038). The risk of mortality was significantly different between the GD group and non-GD group (OR 2.37, CI 95% 1.04–5.39 and P = 0.04), especially when the follow-up time ≧ 10 years (OR = 9.79, CI 95% 2.48–38.72 and P = 0.001). The DFS was not significantly different between the GD group and non-GD group (OR 0.51, CI 95% 0.11–2.32 and P < 0.001).

Conclusion

GD may be associated with a higher risk of recurrence/persistence of coexisting DTC, and DTC patients with GD had a higher risk of mortality than non-GD, especially when the follow-up time was more than 10 years. Due to the substantial heterogeneity and insufficient event data, it is difficult to draw a definitive conclusion regarding a potential increased risk of DTC recurrence/persistence in GD patients with the tumor diameter was ≥ 1 cm, whereas the clinical outcome of small thyroid cancer (the tumor diameter < 1 cm) is not related to the presence/absence of GD.