Background <p>Armed conflict in Yemen has led to severe physical disabilities and profound psychological distress among survivors. Understanding how social support and psychological security interact to protect mental well-being is crucial for post-conflict rehabilitation. Therefore this study aimed to assess the levels and prevalence of post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD), perceived social support, and psychological security among individuals with war-related disabilities in Yemen, and to examine the mediating role of psychological security in the relationship between social support and PTSD.</p> Method <p>A cross-sectional study was conducted at a rehabilitation center in Taiz City from January to September 2025. Participants (<i>n</i> = 117) with conflict-related physical disabilities completed the Multidimensional Scale of Perceived Social Support (MSPSS), the Psychological Security Scale (PSS), and the PTSD Checklist for DSM-5 (PCL-5). Mediation analysis was performed using the PROCESS macro.</p> Results <p>The probable PTSD prevalence was 29.9% (95% CI 22.4%–38.7%). Perceived social support had a significant indirect effect on PTSD symptoms through psychological security (<i>p</i> &lt; 0.05), but no significant direct effect. Psychological security statistically mediated the association between perceived social support and PTSD symptoms.</p> Conclusion <p>Psychological security may play a crucial role in the association between perceived social support and PTSD symptoms among war-disabled individuals. Rehabilitation programs should prioritize interventions that enhance both social support networks and psychological security to reduce PTSD symptoms.</p>