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Background <p>Advanced cardiovascular-kidney-metabolic (CKM) syndrome (stages 3–4) signifies high-risk multi-organ dysfunction. The triglyceride-glucose-frailty index (TyG-FI), combining the TyG index with a frailty index, may better reflect both metabolic dysregulation and physiological decline than TyG-related indices alone. This study aimed to examine the association between TyG-FI and advanced CKM syndrome.</p> Methods <p>This cross-sectional analysis used 2011-March 2020 National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey data from 6,960 adults with CKM syndrome. CKM syndrome stages 3 or 4 were considered advanced. Survey-weighted logistic regression and restricted cubic splines models were used to evaluate the relationship between TyG-FI and advanced CKM syndrome. The discriminatory power of TyG-FI was assessed using receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curves and compared to other TyG-related indices and FI.</p> Results <p>The highest TyG-FI quartile had significantly increased odds of advanced CKM syndrome (odds ratio: 10.32, 95% confidence intervals: 6.51–16.34) versus the lowest. A unit increase in TyG-FI corresponded to an odds ratio of 2.78 (95% confidence intervals: 2.39–3.22). Restricted cubic splines indicated a nonlinear dose-response association between TyG-FI and advanced CKM syndrome. Furthermore, ROC analysis demonstrated that TyG-FI had superior discriminatory ability (AUC = 0.796) compared to FI and all other TyG-related indices.</p> Conclusions <p>TyG-FI shows a strong, dose-response association with advanced CKM syndrome and superior predictive performance, suggesting that a higher TyG-FI may increase the risk of advanced CKM syndrome.</p>

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Combined effect of the triglyceride-glucose index and frailty index on advanced stages among cardiovascular-kidney-metabolic syndrome patients

  • 期刊论文

  • 出版模式：

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  • 发表日期：

    2026年6月23日

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  • Dingyuan Tu,
  • Jinru Li,
  • Yutang Li,
  • Jianming Wang

摘要

Background

Advanced cardiovascular-kidney-metabolic (CKM) syndrome (stages 3–4) signifies high-risk multi-organ dysfunction. The triglyceride-glucose-frailty index (TyG-FI), combining the TyG index with a frailty index, may better reflect both metabolic dysregulation and physiological decline than TyG-related indices alone. This study aimed to examine the association between TyG-FI and advanced CKM syndrome.

Methods

This cross-sectional analysis used 2011-March 2020 National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey data from 6,960 adults with CKM syndrome. CKM syndrome stages 3 or 4 were considered advanced. Survey-weighted logistic regression and restricted cubic splines models were used to evaluate the relationship between TyG-FI and advanced CKM syndrome. The discriminatory power of TyG-FI was assessed using receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curves and compared to other TyG-related indices and FI.

Results

The highest TyG-FI quartile had significantly increased odds of advanced CKM syndrome (odds ratio: 10.32, 95% confidence intervals: 6.51–16.34) versus the lowest. A unit increase in TyG-FI corresponded to an odds ratio of 2.78 (95% confidence intervals: 2.39–3.22). Restricted cubic splines indicated a nonlinear dose-response association between TyG-FI and advanced CKM syndrome. Furthermore, ROC analysis demonstrated that TyG-FI had superior discriminatory ability (AUC = 0.796) compared to FI and all other TyG-related indices.

Conclusions

TyG-FI shows a strong, dose-response association with advanced CKM syndrome and superior predictive performance, suggesting that a higher TyG-FI may increase the risk of advanced CKM syndrome.