Gender differences in the incidence of saphenous vein graft intervention

Saphenous vein graft percutaneous coronary intervention (SVG PCI) following coronary artery bypass grafting (CABG) is commonly used procedure for patients presenting with acute coronary syndrome (ACS). Emerging evidence suggests gender-based differences influencing SVG intervention clinical outcomes. This study aimed to analyze the impact of gender and various patient characteristics, procedural intricacies, anatomical considerations, and perioperative factors as potential risk determinants for SVG failure post-CABG surgery.

A retrospective, single-center, analysis was conducted on post-CABG patients at Barzilai Medical Center Ashkelon from 2010 to 2023 to assess gender-based differences in SVG PCI incidence.

Of the 72 ACS patients undergoing SVG PCI, a notably higher incidence was observed in men. However, graft failure occurred earlier in women compared to men (13.50 ± 6.59 SD years vs. 22.13 ± 5.66 SD years). Women exhibited a 1.2 times higher likelihood of earlier PCI than men (OR 1.24 CI 1.077 to 1.487, p = 0.0066) after adjusting for age, smoking, diabetes, hypertension, and hyperlipidemia.

Gender differences in the incidence of SVG PCI and graft failure denote the need for gender-tailored follow-up and early intervention to optimize graft patency and potentially enhance long-term clinical outcomes. Integrating gender-specific approaches into post-CABG management could significantly improve patient care and prognosis.