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Background <p>Head-and-neck squamous cell carcinomas (HNSCC) exhibit significant variations in incidence and outcomes across age groups. There is conflicting data on the oncological outcomes of younger HNSCC patients ≤ 45&#xa0;years. This study analyzed clinical characteristics, treatment-related toxicities and survival rates of young HNSCC patients treated with (chemo)radiotherapy.</p> Methods <p>HNSCC patients ≤ 45&#xa0;years treated with radiotherapy between 2009 and 2021 at two large cancer centers were analyzed and matched to a patient cohort &gt; 45&#xa0;years based on TNM and tumor localization. Overall (OS), progression-free (PFS) and metastasis-free (DMFS) survival and locoregional control (LRC) were compared and treatment-related toxicities were assessed.</p> Results <p>99 patients were included in this analysis. Median OS of the young HNSCC cohort was 63&#xa0;months. Daily alcohol consumption was identified as a key risk factor for reduced OS in the multivariate analysis. OS was similar in the young cohort compared to older patients, although the excess mortality risk compared to the sex- and age-matched general population amounted to 59-fold, while it was only 5.9-fold for patients ≥ 45&#xa0;years. No significant differences were observed in PFS, LRC, or DMFS between age groups. Higher-grade chronic toxicities were moderate in young HNSCC patients.</p> Conclusions <p>Young HNSCC patients ≤ 45&#xa0;years treated with (chemo)radiation have similar rates of oncological survival outcomes compared to older patients. While chronic toxicities from (chemo)radiation are low, further research is needed to explore the long-term quality-of-life.</p>

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Radiotherapy outcomes and risk factors for young patients with head-and-neck squamous cell carcinomas: a matched-pair analysis

  • 期刊论文

  • 出版模式：

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  • 发表日期：

    2025年4月22日

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  • Jiadai Zou,
  • Alexander Rühle,
  • Henning Schäfer,
  • Andreas Dietz,
  • Gunnar Wichmann,
  • Thomas Kuhnt,
  • Anca-L. Grosu,
  • Nils H. Nicolay

摘要

Background

Head-and-neck squamous cell carcinomas (HNSCC) exhibit significant variations in incidence and outcomes across age groups. There is conflicting data on the oncological outcomes of younger HNSCC patients ≤ 45 years. This study analyzed clinical characteristics, treatment-related toxicities and survival rates of young HNSCC patients treated with (chemo)radiotherapy.

Methods

HNSCC patients ≤ 45 years treated with radiotherapy between 2009 and 2021 at two large cancer centers were analyzed and matched to a patient cohort > 45 years based on TNM and tumor localization. Overall (OS), progression-free (PFS) and metastasis-free (DMFS) survival and locoregional control (LRC) were compared and treatment-related toxicities were assessed.

Results

99 patients were included in this analysis. Median OS of the young HNSCC cohort was 63 months. Daily alcohol consumption was identified as a key risk factor for reduced OS in the multivariate analysis. OS was similar in the young cohort compared to older patients, although the excess mortality risk compared to the sex- and age-matched general population amounted to 59-fold, while it was only 5.9-fold for patients ≥ 45 years. No significant differences were observed in PFS, LRC, or DMFS between age groups. Higher-grade chronic toxicities were moderate in young HNSCC patients.

Conclusions

Young HNSCC patients ≤ 45 years treated with (chemo)radiation have similar rates of oncological survival outcomes compared to older patients. While chronic toxicities from (chemo)radiation are low, further research is needed to explore the long-term quality-of-life.