Background <p>This study aimed to investigate the feasibility and efficacy of 3D-printed nasal models for training in nasal endoscopic examination and artificial lacrimal duct intubation, while also evaluating trainees’ learning experience and skill improvement.</p> Methods <p>A nasal model replicating anatomical structures was constructed using stereolithography (SLA) 3D printing based on adult nasal CT data. Twenty-four ophthalmologists subsequently underwent training involving simulated nasal endoscopic procedures and artificial lacrimal duct intubation on these models. Pre- and post-training practical assessments included the anatomical identification rate, nasal endoscopic operation time, and the success rate of artificial lacrimal duct intubation. A 5-point Likert scale questionnaire was used to measure participants’ learning outcomes and satisfaction.</p> Results <p>3D-printed model accurately replicated nasal anatomical details, encompassing the nasal cavity, nasopharyngeal structures, and precise nasolacrimal duct opening localization. Following training, participants demonstrated significantly improved anatomical identification rates (<i>p</i> &lt; 0.0001) and substantially reduced endoscopic operation times (<i>p</i> &lt; 0.001), further achieving a 95.8% (23/24) qualification rate for lacrimal duct implantation positioning. Notably, questionnaire feedback indicated that 91.7% of trainees agreed the model enhanced anatomical understanding; 87.5% affirmed its haptic feedback approximated real surgery; 95.8% reported increased surgical confidence; and 91.7% endorsed its use for pre-operative training.</p> Conclusions <p>3D-printed nasal model offers a high-fidelity, reusable platform for nasal endoscopy and lacrimal surgery training, effectively advancing trainees’ operative skills and confidence—thus demonstrating significant potential for clinical dissemination.</p>

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Application of 3D-Printed nasal models in lacrimal surgery training

  • Haowen Li,
  • Dongmei Li,
  • Hua Sun

摘要

Background

This study aimed to investigate the feasibility and efficacy of 3D-printed nasal models for training in nasal endoscopic examination and artificial lacrimal duct intubation, while also evaluating trainees’ learning experience and skill improvement.

Methods

A nasal model replicating anatomical structures was constructed using stereolithography (SLA) 3D printing based on adult nasal CT data. Twenty-four ophthalmologists subsequently underwent training involving simulated nasal endoscopic procedures and artificial lacrimal duct intubation on these models. Pre- and post-training practical assessments included the anatomical identification rate, nasal endoscopic operation time, and the success rate of artificial lacrimal duct intubation. A 5-point Likert scale questionnaire was used to measure participants’ learning outcomes and satisfaction.

Results

3D-printed model accurately replicated nasal anatomical details, encompassing the nasal cavity, nasopharyngeal structures, and precise nasolacrimal duct opening localization. Following training, participants demonstrated significantly improved anatomical identification rates (p < 0.0001) and substantially reduced endoscopic operation times (p < 0.001), further achieving a 95.8% (23/24) qualification rate for lacrimal duct implantation positioning. Notably, questionnaire feedback indicated that 91.7% of trainees agreed the model enhanced anatomical understanding; 87.5% affirmed its haptic feedback approximated real surgery; 95.8% reported increased surgical confidence; and 91.7% endorsed its use for pre-operative training.

Conclusions

3D-printed nasal model offers a high-fidelity, reusable platform for nasal endoscopy and lacrimal surgery training, effectively advancing trainees’ operative skills and confidence—thus demonstrating significant potential for clinical dissemination.