Scholarlink

<p>Glioblastoma (GBM) is the most aggressive primary brain tumor characterized by significant cellular and molecular complexity. Central to this complexity are glioma stem cells (GSCs) and the perivascular niche, a specialized microenvironment that integrates signals from the systemic circulation with cues arising from tumor development. Acting as a regulatory hub, the perivascular niche influences GSC proliferation, migration, and resistance to therapy through multiple interactions among vascular, immune, and tumor cell populations. In this review, we focus on GSCs and examine the cellular composition and molecular mechanisms operating within the perivascular niche, highlighting key modes of crosstalk that sustain tumor progression. We furthermore critically evaluate experimental strategies used to study this compartment, including 2D and 3D cell cultures, organoids, and in vivo models, discussing their respective strengths and limitations for testing intercellular interactions and therapeutic approaches. A comprehensive understanding of tumor heterogeneity and the interactions between different tumor cell populations, combined with well-characterized experimental models, is essential for deriving mechanistic insights and informing the development of more effective targeted therapies for GBM, ultimately advancing our knowledge of how tumor–microenvironment interactions drive GBM progression.</p>

错误：搜索内容不能为空，请输入英文关键词
错误：关键词超出字数限制，请精简
高级检索

Blood-brain barrier and blood-tumoral barrier formation in glioblastoma: endothelial cells and glioblastoma stem cells at the immune-brain crossroad

  • 期刊论文

  • 出版模式：

    开放获取

  • 发表日期：

    2026年7月27日

查看全文
  • Maria Rosito,
  • Ruth Lyck,
  • Britta Engelhardt,
  • Cristina Limatola

摘要

Glioblastoma (GBM) is the most aggressive primary brain tumor characterized by significant cellular and molecular complexity. Central to this complexity are glioma stem cells (GSCs) and the perivascular niche, a specialized microenvironment that integrates signals from the systemic circulation with cues arising from tumor development. Acting as a regulatory hub, the perivascular niche influences GSC proliferation, migration, and resistance to therapy through multiple interactions among vascular, immune, and tumor cell populations. In this review, we focus on GSCs and examine the cellular composition and molecular mechanisms operating within the perivascular niche, highlighting key modes of crosstalk that sustain tumor progression. We furthermore critically evaluate experimental strategies used to study this compartment, including 2D and 3D cell cultures, organoids, and in vivo models, discussing their respective strengths and limitations for testing intercellular interactions and therapeutic approaches. A comprehensive understanding of tumor heterogeneity and the interactions between different tumor cell populations, combined with well-characterized experimental models, is essential for deriving mechanistic insights and informing the development of more effective targeted therapies for GBM, ultimately advancing our knowledge of how tumor–microenvironment interactions drive GBM progression.