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<p>Perinatal depressive symptoms represent an important public health concern with implications for maternal and infant outcomes, yet evidence from East Malaysia regarding potential nutritional determinants remains limited. This cross-sectional study examined the prevalence of depressive symptoms and associated sociodemographic and reproductive factors among antenatal and postpartum women in Sabah and explored the relationship between dietary diversity and depressive symptoms. Data were collected using a structured, self-administered questionnaire administered during routine clinic visits. Participants comprised 701 antenatal women (≥ 13&#xa0;weeks’ gestation) and 417 postpartum women (≤ 6&#xa0;months postpartum) recruited from government primary healthcare clinics in Kota Kinabalu and Ranau, Sabah. Depressive symptoms were assessed using the validated Malay version of the Edinburgh Postnatal Depression Scale (EPDS; cutoff score ≥ 10), and dietary diversity was measured using the Dietary Diversity Score (DDS) based on Food and Agriculture Organisation guidelines. Descriptive statistics, chi-square tests, and logistic regression analyses were employed to examine associations and identify predictors of depressive symptoms. Depressive symptoms were identified in 15.4% of antenatal women and 13.4% of postpartum women, with no significant difference between perinatal groups. Dietary diversity was not significantly associated with depressive symptoms in either antenatal or postpartum participants. Multivariable analysis using logistic regression indicated that women aged 26–35&#xa0;years had lower odds of depressive symptoms compared with those aged 15–25&#xa0;years (adjusted odds ratio [aOR] = 0.54, 95% CI [0.35, 0.84]), whereas a greater number of living children (aOR = 1.16, 95% CI [1.03, 1.32]) and unemployment (aOR = 1.61, 95% CI [1.13, 2.30]) were associated with higher odds of depressive symptoms. These findings highlight the continued need for routine perinatal mental health screening within maternal healthcare services, with particular attention to younger mothers and women experiencing socioeconomic vulnerability.</p>

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Depressive symptoms and associated peripartum factors among antenatal and postpartum women in Sabah, Malaysia

  • 期刊论文

  • 出版模式：

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  • 发表日期：

    2026年7月21日

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  • May Zaw Soe,
  • Mohammad Saffree Jeffree,
  • Bee Seok Chua,
  • Yasmin Beng Houi Ooi,
  • Constance Sat Lin Liew,
  • Nicholas Tze Ping Pang,
  • Changhe Wu,
  • Hao Wu,
  • Azman Atil,
  • Walton Wider

摘要

Perinatal depressive symptoms represent an important public health concern with implications for maternal and infant outcomes, yet evidence from East Malaysia regarding potential nutritional determinants remains limited. This cross-sectional study examined the prevalence of depressive symptoms and associated sociodemographic and reproductive factors among antenatal and postpartum women in Sabah and explored the relationship between dietary diversity and depressive symptoms. Data were collected using a structured, self-administered questionnaire administered during routine clinic visits. Participants comprised 701 antenatal women (≥ 13 weeks’ gestation) and 417 postpartum women (≤ 6 months postpartum) recruited from government primary healthcare clinics in Kota Kinabalu and Ranau, Sabah. Depressive symptoms were assessed using the validated Malay version of the Edinburgh Postnatal Depression Scale (EPDS; cutoff score ≥ 10), and dietary diversity was measured using the Dietary Diversity Score (DDS) based on Food and Agriculture Organisation guidelines. Descriptive statistics, chi-square tests, and logistic regression analyses were employed to examine associations and identify predictors of depressive symptoms. Depressive symptoms were identified in 15.4% of antenatal women and 13.4% of postpartum women, with no significant difference between perinatal groups. Dietary diversity was not significantly associated with depressive symptoms in either antenatal or postpartum participants. Multivariable analysis using logistic regression indicated that women aged 26–35 years had lower odds of depressive symptoms compared with those aged 15–25 years (adjusted odds ratio [aOR] = 0.54, 95% CI [0.35, 0.84]), whereas a greater number of living children (aOR = 1.16, 95% CI [1.03, 1.32]) and unemployment (aOR = 1.61, 95% CI [1.13, 2.30]) were associated with higher odds of depressive symptoms. These findings highlight the continued need for routine perinatal mental health screening within maternal healthcare services, with particular attention to younger mothers and women experiencing socioeconomic vulnerability.