Factors influencing the duration of breastfeeding among mothers in Saudi Arabia

Breastfeeding is crucial for infant health and provides essential nutrients and antibodies for growth and development. However, early breastfeeding termination can lead to risks for both the mother and the baby. This study aimed to identify the factors influencing continuation of breastfeeding among mothers in Saudi Arabia,2024.

This cross-sectional, community-based study was conducted among 387 Saudi mothers, utilizing a combination of convenience and snowball sampling methods to recruit participants from the community. Data were collected using a pre-tested, self-administered online questionnaire. Descriptive and inferential statistics were analysed using Statistical Package for the Social Sciences (SPSS) version 28.

A study of 387 Saudi mothers, more than half (58.7%) were aged 25–34 years, 35.7% held a university degree, and 56.6% were employed. Most attended more than four antenatal visits, and more than half (64.9%) started breastfeeding within an hour of birth. Breast problems were common, including engorgement (36.2%), cracked nipples (31.8%), and insufficient milk (33.6%). Breastfeeding duration was significantly influenced by factors breastfeeding problems, such as cracked nipples (p=.029), which significantly decreased breastfeeding duration (Exp(B) = 3.476, 95% CI 1.138–10.619). Mothers who solely made the breastfeeding decision had a significantly shorter breastfeeding duration compared to when the decision was made jointly with husbands (p = .036) and (Exp(B) = 1.963, 95% CI 1.044–3.691). Introducing formula at any age was strongly and significantly associated with a shorter breastfeeding duration (p < .001).

This study recommends improving breastfeeding education, promoting workplace policies, providing social support, and addressing breastfeeding challenges through personalized counselling and collaboration with communities and organizations.