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Purpose <p>Private-sector employees are known to have high work stress, poor lifestyle (high sedentary time, consuming packaged food, etc.), which increases the risk of metabolic syndrome (MetS), leading to non-communicable diseases (NCDs). The study aimed to assess the cardiometabolic risk factors and prevalence of MetS among working adults from two regions of India (Delhi-National Capital Region and Bengaluru). This was a cross-sectional study.</p> Methods <p>Employees (30-50y) (<i>n</i> = 390) were enrolled from 17 worksites. Socio-demographic profile, smoking and alcohol intake were assessed using a pre-tested questionnaire. Physical activity and sleep quality were assessed using Global Physical Activity Questionnaire (GPAQ) and Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI) scale, respectively. The anthropometric, biochemical and biophysical data were assessed. Statistical analysis was conducted using STATA.</p> Results <p>Both cities had a similar socio-demographic profile. Smoking was reported by 22.05% (significantly higher in Delhi), while alcohol consumption was reported by 56.92% subjects. Poor physical activity and sleep were observed in 51.79% and 39.49% subjects, respectively. Prevalence of MetS was 40.51%. Both cities had high prevalence of abdominal obesity (62.31%), hypertension (38.21%), hypertriglyceridemia (44.36%) and low-HDL (50%). Adjusted Odds of MetS increased with age (aOR:1.46, 95%CI:1.16,1.85, <b>p = 0.001)</b>, following a diet (aOR:2.39, 95%CI:1.16,4.92, <b>p = 0.018</b>) and poor sleep (aOR:1.79, 95%CI:1.13,2.83, <i>p</i> = 0.014). Female sex (aOR:0.36, 95%CI:0.21,0.60, <b>p &lt; 0.001)</b> and high GPAQ score (aOR:0.72, 95%CI:0.56,0.93, <b>p = 0.012</b>) reduced MetS odds.</p> Conclusion <p>Private-sector employees have a high prevalence of several cardiometabolic risk factors. It is vital to develop and implement interventions to create awareness about a healthy lifestyle, which will help to lower the NCD prevalence in India and boost economic growth.</p>

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Prevalence of cardiometabolic risk factors and metabolic syndrome in white-collar private sector employees from two Indian metropolitan cities

  • 期刊论文

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  • 发表日期：

    2026年6月3日

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  • Vaishali Pathak,
  • Bani Tamber Aeri

摘要

Purpose

Private-sector employees are known to have high work stress, poor lifestyle (high sedentary time, consuming packaged food, etc.), which increases the risk of metabolic syndrome (MetS), leading to non-communicable diseases (NCDs). The study aimed to assess the cardiometabolic risk factors and prevalence of MetS among working adults from two regions of India (Delhi-National Capital Region and Bengaluru). This was a cross-sectional study.

Methods

Employees (30-50y) (n = 390) were enrolled from 17 worksites. Socio-demographic profile, smoking and alcohol intake were assessed using a pre-tested questionnaire. Physical activity and sleep quality were assessed using Global Physical Activity Questionnaire (GPAQ) and Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI) scale, respectively. The anthropometric, biochemical and biophysical data were assessed. Statistical analysis was conducted using STATA.

Results

Both cities had a similar socio-demographic profile. Smoking was reported by 22.05% (significantly higher in Delhi), while alcohol consumption was reported by 56.92% subjects. Poor physical activity and sleep were observed in 51.79% and 39.49% subjects, respectively. Prevalence of MetS was 40.51%. Both cities had high prevalence of abdominal obesity (62.31%), hypertension (38.21%), hypertriglyceridemia (44.36%) and low-HDL (50%). Adjusted Odds of MetS increased with age (aOR:1.46, 95%CI:1.16,1.85, p = 0.001), following a diet (aOR:2.39, 95%CI:1.16,4.92, p = 0.018) and poor sleep (aOR:1.79, 95%CI:1.13,2.83, p = 0.014). Female sex (aOR:0.36, 95%CI:0.21,0.60, p < 0.001) and high GPAQ score (aOR:0.72, 95%CI:0.56,0.93, p = 0.012) reduced MetS odds.

Conclusion

Private-sector employees have a high prevalence of several cardiometabolic risk factors. It is vital to develop and implement interventions to create awareness about a healthy lifestyle, which will help to lower the NCD prevalence in India and boost economic growth.