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Background <p>Adolescence is a critical period for establishing dietary patterns that influence growth, body composition, and long-term risk of non-communicable diseases. In Nigeria, limited population-based evidence exists on diet quality and its relationship with anthropometric status among female adolescents, particularly using standardised global diet quality indicators.</p> Methods <p>This descriptive cross-sectional study was conducted among 290 in-school female adolescents aged 13–17 years (mean age: 15.19 ± 1.05 years) in public and private secondary schools in Odeda Local Government Area, Ogun State. Dietary intake was assessed using the Diet Quality Questionnaire for Nigeria (DQQ-Nigeria), generating DDS, NCD-Protect, NCD-Risk, GDR score, and MDD-W. Anthropometric indices were obtained using standardised procedures and WHO AnthroPlus. Independent t-tests, chi-square tests, Pearson correlation, and multivariable linear regression analyses were performed. Statistical significance was set at <i>p</i> &lt; 0.05.</p> Results <p>Approximately 60.7% met the MDD-W threshold. Baked sweets and deep-fried foods were consumed by 79.7% and 54.8%, respectively. Public school adolescents exhibited significantly higher GDR scores than private school counterparts (mean difference: 0.66; 95% CI: 0.15–1.17; <i>p</i> = 0.011), driven partly by higher sugar-sweetened beverage consumption among private school students (56.2% vs. 35.6%). DDS was positively correlated with GDR (<i>r</i> = 0.279, <i>p</i> &lt; 0.001). Thinness (15.9%) was nearly four times more prevalent than overweight and obesity combined (4.1%).</p> Conclusion <p>Female adolescents demonstrate moderate dietary diversity alongside near-ubiquitous NCD-risk food exposure, with thinness as the predominant anthropometric burden. Higher GDR scores in public than private schools suggest school food environment independently shapes diet quality.</p>

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Diet quality and anthropometric status of in-school female adolescents in Odeda, Ogun State, Nigeria

  • 期刊论文

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  • 发表日期：

    2026年5月19日

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  • Dare D. Ademiluyi,
  • Akinade E. Ogunniyi,
  • Yewande O. Uthman-Akinhanmi,
  • Ayobami R. Ojo-Adalumo,
  • Esther D. Olubiyi

摘要

Background

Adolescence is a critical period for establishing dietary patterns that influence growth, body composition, and long-term risk of non-communicable diseases. In Nigeria, limited population-based evidence exists on diet quality and its relationship with anthropometric status among female adolescents, particularly using standardised global diet quality indicators.

Methods

This descriptive cross-sectional study was conducted among 290 in-school female adolescents aged 13–17 years (mean age: 15.19 ± 1.05 years) in public and private secondary schools in Odeda Local Government Area, Ogun State. Dietary intake was assessed using the Diet Quality Questionnaire for Nigeria (DQQ-Nigeria), generating DDS, NCD-Protect, NCD-Risk, GDR score, and MDD-W. Anthropometric indices were obtained using standardised procedures and WHO AnthroPlus. Independent t-tests, chi-square tests, Pearson correlation, and multivariable linear regression analyses were performed. Statistical significance was set at p < 0.05.

Results

Approximately 60.7% met the MDD-W threshold. Baked sweets and deep-fried foods were consumed by 79.7% and 54.8%, respectively. Public school adolescents exhibited significantly higher GDR scores than private school counterparts (mean difference: 0.66; 95% CI: 0.15–1.17; p = 0.011), driven partly by higher sugar-sweetened beverage consumption among private school students (56.2% vs. 35.6%). DDS was positively correlated with GDR (r = 0.279, p < 0.001). Thinness (15.9%) was nearly four times more prevalent than overweight and obesity combined (4.1%).

Conclusion

Female adolescents demonstrate moderate dietary diversity alongside near-ubiquitous NCD-risk food exposure, with thinness as the predominant anthropometric burden. Higher GDR scores in public than private schools suggest school food environment independently shapes diet quality.