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Background <p>Hypertension remains a major global public health challenge and a leading contributor to cardiovascular morbidity and mortality worldwide. The burden of hypertension is increasing rapidly in low- and middle-income countries, particularly in sub-Saharan Africa, where demographic transition and lifestyle changes have contributed to rising prevalence. This study assessed the prevalence of hypertension and associated risk factors among adults in a rural community in southeastern Nigeria.</p> Methods <p>A community-based cross-sectional screening involving 200 adults aged 18–89 years was conducted in Okija, Anambra State, Nigeria. Blood pressure was measured using a validated digital sphygmomanometer following standardized procedures. Anthropometric measurements including body mass index (BMI) and waist circumference were obtained. Information on demographic characteristics and lifestyle factors was collected using structured questionnaires. Associations between hypertension and potential risk factors were evaluated using chi-square tests and logistic regression analysis.</p> Results <p>The prevalence of hypertension among the participants was 29.5%. Hypertension prevalence increased significantly with age, with the highest proportions observed among individuals aged 60–79 years. Logistic regression analysis identified age (AOR = 1.06, 95% CI: 1.04–1.09, <i>p</i> &lt; 0.001) and BMI (AOR = 1.14, 95% CI: 1.02–1.27, <i>p</i> = 0.021) as significant independent predictors of hypertension. Smoking, alcohol consumption, and physical activity were not significantly associated with hypertension.</p> Conclusion <p>Hypertension prevalence in this rural Nigerian population was relatively high. Increasing age and elevated BMI were the major determinants of hypertension. These findings highlight the importance of community-based screening programs and preventive interventions targeting obesity and aging populations in rural communities.</p>

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Prevalence and determinants of hypertension in a rural community in southeastern Nigeria

  • 期刊论文

  • 出版模式：

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  • 发表日期：

    2026年5月26日

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  • Chidimma Ozoemena Nweke,
  • Ebube Miracle Bernared,
  • Ogechukwu Celestina Iloka,
  • Onyekachukwu Nwabufoh,
  • Rebecca Nkiru Sampson

摘要

Background

Hypertension remains a major global public health challenge and a leading contributor to cardiovascular morbidity and mortality worldwide. The burden of hypertension is increasing rapidly in low- and middle-income countries, particularly in sub-Saharan Africa, where demographic transition and lifestyle changes have contributed to rising prevalence. This study assessed the prevalence of hypertension and associated risk factors among adults in a rural community in southeastern Nigeria.

Methods

A community-based cross-sectional screening involving 200 adults aged 18–89 years was conducted in Okija, Anambra State, Nigeria. Blood pressure was measured using a validated digital sphygmomanometer following standardized procedures. Anthropometric measurements including body mass index (BMI) and waist circumference were obtained. Information on demographic characteristics and lifestyle factors was collected using structured questionnaires. Associations between hypertension and potential risk factors were evaluated using chi-square tests and logistic regression analysis.

Results

The prevalence of hypertension among the participants was 29.5%. Hypertension prevalence increased significantly with age, with the highest proportions observed among individuals aged 60–79 years. Logistic regression analysis identified age (AOR = 1.06, 95% CI: 1.04–1.09, p < 0.001) and BMI (AOR = 1.14, 95% CI: 1.02–1.27, p = 0.021) as significant independent predictors of hypertension. Smoking, alcohol consumption, and physical activity were not significantly associated with hypertension.

Conclusion

Hypertension prevalence in this rural Nigerian population was relatively high. Increasing age and elevated BMI were the major determinants of hypertension. These findings highlight the importance of community-based screening programs and preventive interventions targeting obesity and aging populations in rural communities.