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Aim <p>To examine the role of psychosocial attitudes in the relationship between mood and self-rated health by sex during COVID-19 pandemic.</p> Methodology <p>A cross-sectional design was used with data from residents of Zaragoza (Spain) aged 16 years and older, collected during the initial lockdown (Phase I) and 20 months later (Phase II). Mediation analyses were conducted using three regression models to assess the role of psychosocial attitudes.</p> Results <p>Psychosocial attitudes explained 30–55% of the variance in the relationship between mood and self-rated health in both sexes. Significant direct effects of mood on self-rated health were found in men and women (Phase I: β<sub>men</sub>: 0.293, <i>p&#xa0;</i>&lt; .001; β<sub>women</sub>: 0.226, <i>p</i>&#xa0;&lt; .001; Phase II: β<sub>men</sub>: 0.266, <i>p</i>&#xa0;&lt; .001; β_women = 0.292, <i>p</i>&#xa0;&lt; .001), as well as significant effects of psychosocial attitudes (Phase I: β<sub>men</sub>: 0.054, <i>p</i>&#xa0;&lt; .001; β<sub>women</sub>: 0.052, <i>p</i>&#xa0;&lt; .001; Phase II: β<sub>men</sub> = 0.042, <i>p</i>&#xa0;&lt; .001; β<sub>women</sub>: 0.049, <i>p</i>&#xa0;&lt; .001). Indirect effects of mood through psychosocial attitudes were also significant (Phase I: β<sub>men</sub>: 0.224; β<sub>women</sub>: 0.273; Phase II: β<sub>men</sub>: 0.163, <i>p</i>&#xa0;&lt; .001; β<sub>women</sub>: 0.193, <i>p</i>&#xa0;&lt; .001). Women consistently reported worse moods and lower self-rated health than men across both phases.</p> Conclusion <p>Promoting healthy behaviours is essential, particularly for women and other vulnerable groups, to reduce health disparities and support public health.</p>

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An alternative approach to acute respiratory illness through a sex-based analysis, psychosocial attitudes, mood, and self-perceived health

  • 期刊论文

  • 出版模式：

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  • 发表日期：

    2026年3月29日

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  • Raquel Sánchez-Recio,
  • Juan A. Parrilla-Huertas,
  • Antonio Sebastián-Ariño,
  • Marcos Zuil,
  • José María Llorente,
  • Ángela Asensio-Martínez,
  • María Zúñiga-Antón

摘要

Aim

To examine the role of psychosocial attitudes in the relationship between mood and self-rated health by sex during COVID-19 pandemic.

Methodology

A cross-sectional design was used with data from residents of Zaragoza (Spain) aged 16 years and older, collected during the initial lockdown (Phase I) and 20 months later (Phase II). Mediation analyses were conducted using three regression models to assess the role of psychosocial attitudes.

Results

Psychosocial attitudes explained 30–55% of the variance in the relationship between mood and self-rated health in both sexes. Significant direct effects of mood on self-rated health were found in men and women (Phase I: βmen: 0.293, p < .001; βwomen: 0.226, p < .001; Phase II: βmen: 0.266, p < .001; β_women = 0.292, p < .001), as well as significant effects of psychosocial attitudes (Phase I: βmen: 0.054, p < .001; βwomen: 0.052, p < .001; Phase II: βmen = 0.042, p < .001; βwomen: 0.049, p < .001). Indirect effects of mood through psychosocial attitudes were also significant (Phase I: βmen: 0.224; βwomen: 0.273; Phase II: βmen: 0.163, p < .001; βwomen: 0.193, p < .001). Women consistently reported worse moods and lower self-rated health than men across both phases.

Conclusion

Promoting healthy behaviours is essential, particularly for women and other vulnerable groups, to reduce health disparities and support public health.