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Background <p>Initiating Kangaroo Mother Care (KMC) immediately after birth, rather than waiting for stabilization, can reduce neonatal mortality by 25%. However, in Ethiopia, as of 2021, only 5%–10% of eligible premature newborns received any form of KMC. If the utilization of effective KMC remains low, mortality rates among preterm and low birth weight (LBW) infants are likely to remain higher than desired.</p> Methods <p>A cross-sectional study design was conducted using existing data to determine effective early KMC (eKMC) coverage. A total of 599 eligible low-birth-weight newborns were included in the data analysis. Bivariate and multivariate logistic regression analyses were applied, with a significance level set at <i>p</i> &lt; 0.05.</p> Results <p>The study included 599 of 705 neonates with birth weight &lt; 2000&#xa0;g born or referred to selected hospitals between March 2017 and March 2019, all alive and not referred out within 24&#xa0;h. Among these eligible neonates, only 8.9% received Effective eKMC, 20.5% received early any skin-to-skin contact, and 64.6% were exclusively breastfed. Caesarean section delivery was associated with lower odds of effective eKMC compared to vaginal delivery (AOR ‘adjusted odd ratio’ = 0.2; 95% CI 0.05–0.89), with birth order, multiple births, gestational age at time of delivery, birth weight, and household income adjusted. Infants with very low birth weight (VLBW) (&lt; 1500&#xa0;g) had significantly lower odds of receiving effective eKMC compared to those with LBW (1500–2000&#xa0;g) (AOR = 0.099 ;95% CI 0.022–0.44), while infants born at 37 completed weeks or later and single births were more likely to receive effective eKMC compared to premature and multiple births (twins or triplets), with (AOR = 3.35; 95% CI 1.17–9.6) and (AOR = 4.4; 95% CI 1.8–11.1), respectively.</p> Conclusion <p>Our study found a low coverage of effective eKMC, with only 8.9% of eligible neonates receiving it. Caesarean section delivery and very low birth weight (&lt; 1500&#xa0;g) were associated with lower odds of receiving effective eKMC. In contrast, infants born at 37 completed weeks or later and those from single births had higher odds of receiving effective eKMC. Household income, mode of delivery, birth weight, gestational age at delivery, and multiple births were significant factors influencing eKMC uptake.</p>

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Effective early Kangaroo Mother Care coverage and associated factors among low-birth-weight neonates in selected hospitals in Oromia region, Ethiopia

  • 期刊论文

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  • 发表日期：

    2025年12月16日

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  • Beyene Roba Ireso,
  • Abiy Seifu Estifanos,
  • Damen Haile Mariam,
  • Grace J. Chan

摘要

Background

Initiating Kangaroo Mother Care (KMC) immediately after birth, rather than waiting for stabilization, can reduce neonatal mortality by 25%. However, in Ethiopia, as of 2021, only 5%–10% of eligible premature newborns received any form of KMC. If the utilization of effective KMC remains low, mortality rates among preterm and low birth weight (LBW) infants are likely to remain higher than desired.

Methods

A cross-sectional study design was conducted using existing data to determine effective early KMC (eKMC) coverage. A total of 599 eligible low-birth-weight newborns were included in the data analysis. Bivariate and multivariate logistic regression analyses were applied, with a significance level set at p < 0.05.

Results

The study included 599 of 705 neonates with birth weight < 2000 g born or referred to selected hospitals between March 2017 and March 2019, all alive and not referred out within 24 h. Among these eligible neonates, only 8.9% received Effective eKMC, 20.5% received early any skin-to-skin contact, and 64.6% were exclusively breastfed. Caesarean section delivery was associated with lower odds of effective eKMC compared to vaginal delivery (AOR ‘adjusted odd ratio’ = 0.2; 95% CI 0.05–0.89), with birth order, multiple births, gestational age at time of delivery, birth weight, and household income adjusted. Infants with very low birth weight (VLBW) (< 1500 g) had significantly lower odds of receiving effective eKMC compared to those with LBW (1500–2000 g) (AOR = 0.099 ;95% CI 0.022–0.44), while infants born at 37 completed weeks or later and single births were more likely to receive effective eKMC compared to premature and multiple births (twins or triplets), with (AOR = 3.35; 95% CI 1.17–9.6) and (AOR = 4.4; 95% CI 1.8–11.1), respectively.

Conclusion

Our study found a low coverage of effective eKMC, with only 8.9% of eligible neonates receiving it. Caesarean section delivery and very low birth weight (< 1500 g) were associated with lower odds of receiving effective eKMC. In contrast, infants born at 37 completed weeks or later and those from single births had higher odds of receiving effective eKMC. Household income, mode of delivery, birth weight, gestational age at delivery, and multiple births were significant factors influencing eKMC uptake.