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<p>Malaria is a major infectious disease globally with the highest incidence in Sub-Saharan Africa, where the disease contributes to significant morbidity and mortality, increased healthcare costs and other direct and indirect costs. Children are disproportionately affected, and the severity of the disease is higher in them. While large-scale preventive measures and improved case management have been instrumental in reducing the burden of malaria, vaccination can augment these efforts. The R21 vaccine has a documented efficacy of 77% compared to its counterpart, RTS, S/AS01 with an efficacy of 30% obtained from clinical trials conducted in Africa. There has been no head-to-head trial comparison. Hence, there is no evidence to suggest one vaccine performs better than the other. Countries in Africa have the option of choosing between RTS, S/AS01 and R21 malaria vaccines for routine immunisation programs. Nigeria integrated the R21 vaccine into its National Immunization Program in October 2024. We found that in previous vaccination efforts in Nigeria, different challenges in achieving immunisation goals, including socioeconomic inequalities, belief systems, geographical barriers, and national financial constraints, were encountered. Government and funding agencies must plan and design effective strategies to combat these challenges in the effort to eradicate malaria in Nigeria and Africa.</p>

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Vaccination coverage and equity in Nigeria: implications for malaria vaccine rollout

  • 期刊论文

  • 出版模式：

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  • 发表日期：

    2025年9月13日

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  • Glory Olalekan Adebajo,
  • Gbenga Joseph Alabi,
  • Jeremiah Oluwatomi Itodo Daniel,
  • Olorunnisola Oluwatayo Micheal,
  • Damilola Jeremiah Ayowole

摘要

Malaria is a major infectious disease globally with the highest incidence in Sub-Saharan Africa, where the disease contributes to significant morbidity and mortality, increased healthcare costs and other direct and indirect costs. Children are disproportionately affected, and the severity of the disease is higher in them. While large-scale preventive measures and improved case management have been instrumental in reducing the burden of malaria, vaccination can augment these efforts. The R21 vaccine has a documented efficacy of 77% compared to its counterpart, RTS, S/AS01 with an efficacy of 30% obtained from clinical trials conducted in Africa. There has been no head-to-head trial comparison. Hence, there is no evidence to suggest one vaccine performs better than the other. Countries in Africa have the option of choosing between RTS, S/AS01 and R21 malaria vaccines for routine immunisation programs. Nigeria integrated the R21 vaccine into its National Immunization Program in October 2024. We found that in previous vaccination efforts in Nigeria, different challenges in achieving immunisation goals, including socioeconomic inequalities, belief systems, geographical barriers, and national financial constraints, were encountered. Government and funding agencies must plan and design effective strategies to combat these challenges in the effort to eradicate malaria in Nigeria and Africa.