<p>Acinetobacter baumannii has emerged as a critical global health threat due to its multidrug-resistant (MDR) nature, posing significant challenges in healthcare settings. This opportunistic pathogen is a common cause of hospital-acquired infections, including bloodstream infections, ventilator-associated pneumonia (VAP), and surgical site infections, particularly in immunocompromised patients. The rising prevalence of colistin-resistant A. baumannii has intensified concerns as colistin is often considered a last-line therapy. Recent data indicate an increase in A. baumannii prevalence, with highest rates reported in South America, Lebanon, and China, and notable increases in Southeast Asia and the Eastern Mediterranean. Limited laboratory capacity, inconsistent reporting, and restricted surveillance capabilities exacerbate the spread of resistance, underscoring the need for standardized reporting guidelines and improved inter-hospital networks for data sharing. Enhanced training for healthcare professionals, improved diagnostic techniques, and robust infection control measures, including resistance-based hygiene protocols, are essential steps to contain this threat. This review emphasizes the urgent need for coordinated global efforts to strengthen antimicrobial stewardship and develop comprehensive policies to combat MDR A. baumannii and preserve the efficacy of last-line antibiotics.</p>