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Purpose <p>This cross-sectional study investigated the association between anthropometric measurements and age-related blood pressure (BP) in a large cohort of Portuguese children and adolescents.</p> Methods <p>We included 2972 individuals aged 2–18&#xa0;years, drawn from previous study databases. Participants were categorized into four groups: preschoolers (2–5&#xa0;years), primary schoolers (6–10&#xa0;years), middle schoolers (11–14&#xa0;years) and high schoolers (15–18&#xa0;years). Elevated BP was defined as systolic and/or diastolic BP &gt; 90th percentile for age and sex. Age-adjusted partial correlations with BP were computed for body mass, body mass index (BMI), waist circumference, and waist-to-height ratio. Receiver operating characteristic (ROC) analysis was used to determine the predictive capacity each of these measurements for identifying individuals with elevated BP.</p> Results <p>Elevated BP was observed in 32% of the sample. Partial correlations ranged from small to moderate (0.2–0.5, <i>p</i> &lt; 0.05). As indicated by ROC curves, BMI emerged as the most accurate predictor of elevated BP (AUC = 0.584–0.724, <i>p</i> &lt; 0.05). BMI cut-off values were established to balance sensitivity (SE) and specificity (SP): Preschoolers—girls: BMI &gt; 16.42&#xa0;kg/m<sup>2</sup> (SE = 71.28%, SP = 46.52%); boys: BMI &gt; 18.25&#xa0;kg/m<sup>2</sup> (SE = 30.2%, SP = 85.30%); Primary-schoolers—girls: BMI &gt; 20.67&#xa0;kg/m<sup>2</sup> (SE = 39.02%, SP = 91.45%); boys: BMI &gt; 17.61&#xa0;kg/m<sup>2</sup> (SE = 67.50%, SP = 71.43%); Middle-schoolers—girls: BMI &gt; 24.01&#xa0;kg/m<sup>2</sup> (SE = 36.26%, SP = 88.30); boys: BMI &gt; 20.04&#xa0;kg/m<sup>2</sup> (SE = 65.17%, SP = 64.62%); High-schoolers—girls: BMI &gt; 22.77&#xa0;kg/m<sup>2</sup> (SE = 56.52%, SP = 69.62); boys: BMI &gt; 21.09&#xa0;kg/m<sup>2</sup> (SE = 71.20%, SP = 63.20%).</p> Conclusion <p>BMI was the strongest correlate of elevated BP in Portuguese children and adolescents, proving useful for early hypertension risk identification.</p>

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Anthropometric measurements as markers of elevated blood pressure among Portuguese children and adolescents

  • 期刊论文

  • 出版模式：

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  • 发表日期：

    2025年2月5日

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  • Edmar Mendes,
  • Paulo Farinatti,
  • Alynne Andaki,
  • Susana Vale,
  • Andreia Pizarro,
  • Maria Paula Santos,
  • Clarice Martins,
  • Jorge Mota

摘要

Purpose

This cross-sectional study investigated the association between anthropometric measurements and age-related blood pressure (BP) in a large cohort of Portuguese children and adolescents.

Methods

We included 2972 individuals aged 2–18 years, drawn from previous study databases. Participants were categorized into four groups: preschoolers (2–5 years), primary schoolers (6–10 years), middle schoolers (11–14 years) and high schoolers (15–18 years). Elevated BP was defined as systolic and/or diastolic BP > 90th percentile for age and sex. Age-adjusted partial correlations with BP were computed for body mass, body mass index (BMI), waist circumference, and waist-to-height ratio. Receiver operating characteristic (ROC) analysis was used to determine the predictive capacity each of these measurements for identifying individuals with elevated BP.

Results

Elevated BP was observed in 32% of the sample. Partial correlations ranged from small to moderate (0.2–0.5, p < 0.05). As indicated by ROC curves, BMI emerged as the most accurate predictor of elevated BP (AUC = 0.584–0.724, p < 0.05). BMI cut-off values were established to balance sensitivity (SE) and specificity (SP): Preschoolers—girls: BMI > 16.42 kg/m2 (SE = 71.28%, SP = 46.52%); boys: BMI > 18.25 kg/m2 (SE = 30.2%, SP = 85.30%); Primary-schoolers—girls: BMI > 20.67 kg/m2 (SE = 39.02%, SP = 91.45%); boys: BMI > 17.61 kg/m2 (SE = 67.50%, SP = 71.43%); Middle-schoolers—girls: BMI > 24.01 kg/m2 (SE = 36.26%, SP = 88.30); boys: BMI > 20.04 kg/m2 (SE = 65.17%, SP = 64.62%); High-schoolers—girls: BMI > 22.77 kg/m2 (SE = 56.52%, SP = 69.62); boys: BMI > 21.09 kg/m2 (SE = 71.20%, SP = 63.20%).

Conclusion

BMI was the strongest correlate of elevated BP in Portuguese children and adolescents, proving useful for early hypertension risk identification.