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Introduction <p>Antiretroviral therapy (ART) has significantly reduced HIV infections, but late initiation remains a major issue. This study aimed to identify predictors of ART initiation among newly diagnosed HIV-positive patients in Adama town.</p> Method <p>A retrospective cohort study was conducted, with 396 newly diagnosed HIV-positive patients. This study used a survival analysis approach, including Kaplan-Meier plots, the log-rank test, and the Cox proportional hazards model.</p> Result <p>The incidence rate was 152 per 1000 person-days for early initiation after HIV positive confirmed. In the adjusted model, gender, VCT test, disclosure status, having children in the home, opportunistic infections, and HIV/TB co-infections were significantly associated with time to ART initiation.</p> Conclusion <p>To enhance early ART initiation, healthcare programs should prioritize support for women patients, promote HIV serostatus disclosure, and improve access to VCT testing. Targeted interventions for those with comorbidities and support for families with children are also essential.</p>

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Time to initiation of antiretroviral therapy and its predictors among newly diagnosed HIV positive at the selected public health centers in Adama Town, Ethiopia

  • 期刊论文

  • 出版模式：

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  • 发表日期：

    2025年3月11日

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  • Yobsan Girma,
  • Ephrem Mannekulih,
  • Hunde Lemi,
  • Tesfaye Getachew Charkos

摘要

Introduction

Antiretroviral therapy (ART) has significantly reduced HIV infections, but late initiation remains a major issue. This study aimed to identify predictors of ART initiation among newly diagnosed HIV-positive patients in Adama town.

Method

A retrospective cohort study was conducted, with 396 newly diagnosed HIV-positive patients. This study used a survival analysis approach, including Kaplan-Meier plots, the log-rank test, and the Cox proportional hazards model.

Result

The incidence rate was 152 per 1000 person-days for early initiation after HIV positive confirmed. In the adjusted model, gender, VCT test, disclosure status, having children in the home, opportunistic infections, and HIV/TB co-infections were significantly associated with time to ART initiation.

Conclusion

To enhance early ART initiation, healthcare programs should prioritize support for women patients, promote HIV serostatus disclosure, and improve access to VCT testing. Targeted interventions for those with comorbidities and support for families with children are also essential.