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<p>Alcohol use is associated with cognitive impairment and dysregulated inflammation. Oral nitrate may benefit cognitive impairment in aging through altering the oral microbiota. Similarly, the beneficial effects of nitrate on alcohol-induced cognitive decline and the roles of the oral microbiota merit investigation. Here we found that nitrate supplementation effectively mitigated cognitive impairment induced by chronic alcohol exposure in mice, reducing both systemic and neuroinflammation. Furthermore, nitrate restored the dysbiosis of the oral microbiota caused by alcohol consumption. Notably, removing the oral microbiota led to a subsequent loss of the beneficial effects of nitrate. Oral microbiota from donor alcohol use disordered humans who had been taking the nitrate intervention were transplanted into germ-free mice which then showed increased cognitive function and reduced neuroinflammation. Finally, we examined 63 alcohol drinkers with varying levels of cognitive impairment and found that lower concentrations of nitrate metabolism-related bacteria were associated with higher cognitive impairment and lower nitrate levels in plasma. These findings highlight the protective role of nitrate against alcohol-induced cognition impairment and neuroinflammation and suggest that the oral microbiota associated with nitrate metabolism and brain function may form part of a “microbiota-mouth-brain axis”.</p>

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Nitrate ameliorates alcohol-induced cognitive impairment via oral microbiota

  • 期刊论文

  • 出版模式：

    开放获取

  • 发表日期：

    2025年4月15日

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  • Xiangxue Li,
  • Zhaojun Ni,
  • Weixiong Shi,
  • Kangqing Zhao,
  • Yanjie Zhang,
  • Lina Liu,
  • Zhong Wang,
  • Jie Chen,
  • Zhoulong Yu,
  • Xuejiao Gao,
  • Ying Qin,
  • Jingwen Zhao,
  • Wenjuan Peng,
  • Jie Shi,
  • Thomas R. Kosten,
  • Lin Lu,
  • Lei Su,
  • Yanxue Xue,
  • Hongqiang Sun

摘要

Alcohol use is associated with cognitive impairment and dysregulated inflammation. Oral nitrate may benefit cognitive impairment in aging through altering the oral microbiota. Similarly, the beneficial effects of nitrate on alcohol-induced cognitive decline and the roles of the oral microbiota merit investigation. Here we found that nitrate supplementation effectively mitigated cognitive impairment induced by chronic alcohol exposure in mice, reducing both systemic and neuroinflammation. Furthermore, nitrate restored the dysbiosis of the oral microbiota caused by alcohol consumption. Notably, removing the oral microbiota led to a subsequent loss of the beneficial effects of nitrate. Oral microbiota from donor alcohol use disordered humans who had been taking the nitrate intervention were transplanted into germ-free mice which then showed increased cognitive function and reduced neuroinflammation. Finally, we examined 63 alcohol drinkers with varying levels of cognitive impairment and found that lower concentrations of nitrate metabolism-related bacteria were associated with higher cognitive impairment and lower nitrate levels in plasma. These findings highlight the protective role of nitrate against alcohol-induced cognition impairment and neuroinflammation and suggest that the oral microbiota associated with nitrate metabolism and brain function may form part of a “microbiota-mouth-brain axis”.