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Background <p>CD45, a receptor-type protein tyrosine phosphatase broadly expressed on leukocytes, is a critical regulator of signaling thresholds and immune cell activation. Dysregulation of CD45 has been implicated in a range of immune-related diseases and malignancies.</p> Main body <p>Recent advances have focused on modulating CD45 for disease treatment through various strategies, including regulating its expression level, structural conformation, and spatial membrane distribution. Beyond the immunomodulatory role, as a leukocyte-specific and broadly expressed biomarker, CD45 also has broad application in the field of drug delivery, such as the development of CD45 antibody-drug conjugates and a drug-loading site on live-cell carriers.</p> Conclusions <p>This review systematically summarizes the immunoregulatory mechanisms of CD45 across various immune cell subsets and discusses CD45-based therapeutic interventions and drug delivery strategies, bridging basic immunology with therapeutic advancement.</p>

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CD45 as a multifunctional target in immune regulation and therapeutic delivery

  • 期刊论文

  • 出版模式：

    开放获取

  • 发表日期：

    2026年6月17日

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  • Kaikai Zhao,
  • Ruohan Yang,
  • Mengli Li,
  • Zhenzhong Zhang,
  • Junjie Liu,
  • Jinjin Shi,
  • Xiu Zhao

摘要

Background

CD45, a receptor-type protein tyrosine phosphatase broadly expressed on leukocytes, is a critical regulator of signaling thresholds and immune cell activation. Dysregulation of CD45 has been implicated in a range of immune-related diseases and malignancies.

Main body

Recent advances have focused on modulating CD45 for disease treatment through various strategies, including regulating its expression level, structural conformation, and spatial membrane distribution. Beyond the immunomodulatory role, as a leukocyte-specific and broadly expressed biomarker, CD45 also has broad application in the field of drug delivery, such as the development of CD45 antibody-drug conjugates and a drug-loading site on live-cell carriers.

Conclusions

This review systematically summarizes the immunoregulatory mechanisms of CD45 across various immune cell subsets and discusses CD45-based therapeutic interventions and drug delivery strategies, bridging basic immunology with therapeutic advancement.