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<p>Ischemic stroke, the most prevalent type of stroke globally, poses significant challenges due to its high incidence, morbidity, and long-term disability. Microglia, the resident immune cells of the central nervous system (CNS), play a dual role in the context of ischemic stroke. While they contribute to neuroinflammation by releasing pro-inflammatory cytokines and exacerbating neuronal injury, they also facilitate tissue repair, angiogenesis, and restoration of the blood-brain barrier (BBB) integrity through the secretion of anti-inflammatory and neurotrophic factors. Triggering receptor expressed on myeloid cells 2 (TREM2), predominantly expressed on microglia, is a critical regulator of microglial proliferation, survival, phagocytosis, polarization, inflammation, and metabolism. TREM2 has emerged as a key modulator of immune responses in ischemic stroke. This review provides a comprehensive examination of the multifaceted roles of TREM2 in microglial biology during ischemic stroke, integrating current insights into its molecular mechanisms. Furthermore, it highlights TREM2’s potential as a transformative therapeutic target, advancing our understanding of neuroimmune regulation and promoting recovery after stroke.</p>

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TREM2-mediated regulation of microglial activity: a promising target for the treatment of ischemic stroke

  • 期刊论文

  • 出版模式：

    开放获取

  • 发表日期：

    2025年7月11日

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  • Haihan Yu,
  • Li Zhang,
  • Bo Song,
  • Kaidi Ren,
  • Xing Chen,
  • Yuwan Dai,
  • Yang Yang,
  • Yuming Xu,
  • Ziqing Wei

摘要

Ischemic stroke, the most prevalent type of stroke globally, poses significant challenges due to its high incidence, morbidity, and long-term disability. Microglia, the resident immune cells of the central nervous system (CNS), play a dual role in the context of ischemic stroke. While they contribute to neuroinflammation by releasing pro-inflammatory cytokines and exacerbating neuronal injury, they also facilitate tissue repair, angiogenesis, and restoration of the blood-brain barrier (BBB) integrity through the secretion of anti-inflammatory and neurotrophic factors. Triggering receptor expressed on myeloid cells 2 (TREM2), predominantly expressed on microglia, is a critical regulator of microglial proliferation, survival, phagocytosis, polarization, inflammation, and metabolism. TREM2 has emerged as a key modulator of immune responses in ischemic stroke. This review provides a comprehensive examination of the multifaceted roles of TREM2 in microglial biology during ischemic stroke, integrating current insights into its molecular mechanisms. Furthermore, it highlights TREM2’s potential as a transformative therapeutic target, advancing our understanding of neuroimmune regulation and promoting recovery after stroke.