<p>Probiotics, widely recognized for their health-promoting properties, have demonstrated efficacy in alleviating allergy symptoms. Recent research highlights that probiotic-derived extracellular vesicles (EVs) exhibit significant immunomodulatory potential, opening new avenues for therapeutic applications. While several immunoregulatory properties of probiotic EVs have been identified, their possible usage in anti-allergy strategies remains in its infancy. This review synthesizes current knowledge on probiotic EVs and explores their therapeutic potential as innovative immunomodulators for allergy prevention and treatment. Probiotic EVs facilitate host-microbiota communication by modulating immune signaling pathways, including receptor interactions, cytokine production, and regulation of tight junction proteins. Intriguingly, probiotic EVs show unique or sometimes even opposing properties compared to their parent bacteria, underscoring their potential as distinct therapeutic agents. Probiotic EVs offer a promising alternative to live bacterial therapies, particularly for vulnerable populations such as immunocompromised individuals and premature infants, where live probiotics may pose safety concerns. This review underscores the need for further research to elucidate the mechanisms of action, biological potential, and limitations of probiotic EVs, while addressing the challenges of translating these findings into effective anti-allergy strategies.</p> Graphical abstract <p></p>