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Objective <p>Intravenous immunoglobulin (IVIG) is a known effective treatment to reduce the incidence of coronary artery aneurysms in Kawasaki disease (KD) patients. However, there has been an increase in IVIG-resistant patients and a lack of clinical trial data to determine the best second treatment. The Kawasaki Disease Comparative Effectiveness (KIDCARE) trial was a randomized trial comparing infliximab to a second IVIG infusion. Data from the trial were used for a cost-effectiveness analysis.</p> Methods <p>We developed a decision tree to estimate total costs and outcomes and calculated cost-effectiveness ratios for both treatment pathways. Cost and resource use was estimated from IBM MarketScan Commercial Database, US Bureau Labor of Statistics, IBM Micromedex Redbook and relevant peer-reviewed sources. Outcomes were measured using fever free days based on the KIDCARE study results. We addressed uncertainty using a one-way sensitivity analysis.</p> Results <p>Infliximab was the less costly treatment pathway in children with IVIG-resistant KD compared to a second dose of IVIG. The second IVIG treatment pathway cost $1,809 per additional fever free day while the infliximab treatment pathway cost $1,289 per additional fever free day. The incremental cost-effective ratio (ICER) was -$11,812 and was most sensitive to patient weight due to weight-based dosing but infliximab remained cost-effective.</p> Conclusions <p>Infliximab was the dominant economic treatment choice compared to a second dose of IVIG under a range of assumptions for both treatment patterns. This study suggests that clinicians could consider this when choosing treatment for IVIG-resistant KD patients.</p>

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Cost-effectiveness analysis of second intravenous immunoglobulin infusion versus infliximab for treating IVIG-resistant Kawasaki disease patients

  • 期刊论文

  • 出版模式：

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  • 发表日期：

    2025年11月22日

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  • Jada M. Johnson,
  • Kit N. Simpson,
  • Annie N. Simpson,
  • Adriana H. Tremoulet,
  • Jane C. Burns

摘要

Objective

Intravenous immunoglobulin (IVIG) is a known effective treatment to reduce the incidence of coronary artery aneurysms in Kawasaki disease (KD) patients. However, there has been an increase in IVIG-resistant patients and a lack of clinical trial data to determine the best second treatment. The Kawasaki Disease Comparative Effectiveness (KIDCARE) trial was a randomized trial comparing infliximab to a second IVIG infusion. Data from the trial were used for a cost-effectiveness analysis.

Methods

We developed a decision tree to estimate total costs and outcomes and calculated cost-effectiveness ratios for both treatment pathways. Cost and resource use was estimated from IBM MarketScan Commercial Database, US Bureau Labor of Statistics, IBM Micromedex Redbook and relevant peer-reviewed sources. Outcomes were measured using fever free days based on the KIDCARE study results. We addressed uncertainty using a one-way sensitivity analysis.

Results

Infliximab was the less costly treatment pathway in children with IVIG-resistant KD compared to a second dose of IVIG. The second IVIG treatment pathway cost $1,809 per additional fever free day while the infliximab treatment pathway cost $1,289 per additional fever free day. The incremental cost-effective ratio (ICER) was -$11,812 and was most sensitive to patient weight due to weight-based dosing but infliximab remained cost-effective.

Conclusions

Infliximab was the dominant economic treatment choice compared to a second dose of IVIG under a range of assumptions for both treatment patterns. This study suggests that clinicians could consider this when choosing treatment for IVIG-resistant KD patients.