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Background <p>The Gustave Roussy immune (GRIm) score has been widely recognized as a promising prognostic biomarker in various malignancies. This study aimed to systematically evaluate the association between pretreatment GRIm score and survival outcomes in patients with gastrointestinal (GI) cancers.</p> Methods <p>A systematic literature search was conducted using electronic databases (Web of Science, PubMed, Cochrane Library and Embase) from inception to January 15, 2026. The primary endpoints included long-term survival outcomes such as overall survival (OS), disease-free survival (DFS), recurrence-free survival (RFS), progression-free survival (PFS), and cancer-specific survival (CSS). Pooled hazard ratios (HRs) with 95% confidence intervals (CIs) were calculated using a random-effects model. The meta-analysis was prospectively registered with PROSPERO (CRD420261291292).</p> Results <p>This meta-analysis included 16 studies comprising 4,904 patients with GI cancers. The pooled outcomes demonstrated that patients with a high GRIm score had significantly worse OS (15 studies; HR = 2.01; 95% CI: 1.69–2.40; <i>P</i> &lt; 0.01; I² = 63%), PFS (8 studies; HR = 1.57; 95% CI: 1.29–1.91; <i>P</i> &lt; 0.01; I² = 48%), DFS (2 studies; HR = 2.15; 95% CI: 1.35–3.42; <i>P</i> &lt; 0.01; I² = 55%) and CSS (2 studies; HR = 1.68; 95% CI: 1.17–2.41; <i>P</i> &lt; 0.01; I² = 4%) compared to those with a low score. However, a single study assessing RFS reported that the GRIm score lacked independent prognostic significance for this endpoint (HR = 1.69; 95% CI: 0.77–3.73; <i>P</i> = 0.19).</p> Conclusions <p>Our findings suggest that the pretreatment GRIm score may serve as a prognostic biomarker in patients with GI cancers. However, further high-quality studies are required to robustly validate its prognostic utility.</p>

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Gustave Roussy Immune (GRIm) score as a novel prognostic biomarker for gastrointestinal cancers: a meta-analysis of sixteen studies

  • 期刊论文

  • 出版模式：

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  • 发表日期：

    2026年4月7日

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  • Xiaolian Deng,
  • Tingting Yan,
  • Huayang Pang,
  • Jinlai Wei,
  • Chunxue Li

摘要

Background

The Gustave Roussy immune (GRIm) score has been widely recognized as a promising prognostic biomarker in various malignancies. This study aimed to systematically evaluate the association between pretreatment GRIm score and survival outcomes in patients with gastrointestinal (GI) cancers.

Methods

A systematic literature search was conducted using electronic databases (Web of Science, PubMed, Cochrane Library and Embase) from inception to January 15, 2026. The primary endpoints included long-term survival outcomes such as overall survival (OS), disease-free survival (DFS), recurrence-free survival (RFS), progression-free survival (PFS), and cancer-specific survival (CSS). Pooled hazard ratios (HRs) with 95% confidence intervals (CIs) were calculated using a random-effects model. The meta-analysis was prospectively registered with PROSPERO (CRD420261291292).

Results

This meta-analysis included 16 studies comprising 4,904 patients with GI cancers. The pooled outcomes demonstrated that patients with a high GRIm score had significantly worse OS (15 studies; HR = 2.01; 95% CI: 1.69–2.40; P < 0.01; I² = 63%), PFS (8 studies; HR = 1.57; 95% CI: 1.29–1.91; P < 0.01; I² = 48%), DFS (2 studies; HR = 2.15; 95% CI: 1.35–3.42; P < 0.01; I² = 55%) and CSS (2 studies; HR = 1.68; 95% CI: 1.17–2.41; P < 0.01; I² = 4%) compared to those with a low score. However, a single study assessing RFS reported that the GRIm score lacked independent prognostic significance for this endpoint (HR = 1.69; 95% CI: 0.77–3.73; P = 0.19).

Conclusions

Our findings suggest that the pretreatment GRIm score may serve as a prognostic biomarker in patients with GI cancers. However, further high-quality studies are required to robustly validate its prognostic utility.