Background <p>Globally, the most common malignancy in women today is breast cancer. Numerous factors affect the incidence of breast cancer; therefore, we examined the connections involving age, body mass index (BMI), serum lipid levels, and breast cancer risk in women.</p> Methods <p>This was a cross-sectional analytical study. 382 female patients with a breast cancer diagnosis in this study, and 11842 healthy, age-matched females who were selected from physical examination centers in the same period. Univariate analysis was conducted first, after which factors with statistically significant differences were used to construct a multi-factor binary logistic regression equation. We explored associations across different ages, BMI, triglyceride (TG), and high-density lipoprotein-cholesterol (HDL-C) levels, and breast cancer risk.</p> Results <p>Age, BMI, TG, and HDL-C were the risk factors that showed the most significant association with breast cancer. Age, BMI, low-density lipoprotein-cholesterol (LDL-C) and TG levels in the breast cancer group were higher than those in the control group, but HDL-C and total cholesterol (TC) levels were lower. As BMI and TG levels increased, the risk of developing breast cancer increased, and, as HDL-C levels decreased, the risk of developing breast cancer increased. Women aged ≥ 40 years old had an increased breast cancer risk. There were no significant variations in TC and LDL-C levels between groups.</p> Conclusions <p>In this study, a lower risk of breast cancer was linked to high HDL-C levels, while a higher risk of breast cancer was linked to high BMI and TG levels. Women aged ≥ 40 years old had an increased breast cancer risk.</p>