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<p>Neuroinflammation plays a critical role in the onset, progression, and clinical outcomes of ischemic stroke (IS). Real-time monitoring and targeted modulation of this neuroinflammatory cascade are essential for improving therapeutic efficacy. However, current diagnostic and therapeutic approaches are limited by poor blood–brain barrier (BBB) penetration, low specificity, and inadequate sensitivity in early stages. Engineered nanoparticles, with their tunable dimensions, customizable surface properties, and excellent biocompatibility, have emerged as promising vehicles for the precise diagnosis and targeted treatment of neuroinflammation in IS. In this review, recent advances in the application of various engineered nanoparticles for inflammation-focused diagnosis and therapy are summarized. Furthermore, current challenges and future directions for nanobiotechnology-based inflammatory interventions in IS are discussed.</p> Graphic abstract <p></p>

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Smart nanovehicles crossing the barricade: precision targeting of neuroinflammation for ischemic stroke diagnostics and therapeutics

  • 期刊论文

  • 出版模式：

    开放获取

  • 发表日期：

    2025年12月24日

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  • Shiyi Sun,
  • Qiuhong Ouyang,
  • Shaochan Zhang,
  • Ruoyun Li,
  • Ni Zhang,
  • Xinglv Chen,
  • Yaqi Zhang,
  • Haochen Xie,
  • Hui Lang,
  • Chunqi Liu,
  • Yi Hou,
  • Meng Qin,
  • Guibo Sun

摘要

Neuroinflammation plays a critical role in the onset, progression, and clinical outcomes of ischemic stroke (IS). Real-time monitoring and targeted modulation of this neuroinflammatory cascade are essential for improving therapeutic efficacy. However, current diagnostic and therapeutic approaches are limited by poor blood–brain barrier (BBB) penetration, low specificity, and inadequate sensitivity in early stages. Engineered nanoparticles, with their tunable dimensions, customizable surface properties, and excellent biocompatibility, have emerged as promising vehicles for the precise diagnosis and targeted treatment of neuroinflammation in IS. In this review, recent advances in the application of various engineered nanoparticles for inflammation-focused diagnosis and therapy are summarized. Furthermore, current challenges and future directions for nanobiotechnology-based inflammatory interventions in IS are discussed.

Graphic abstract