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<p>Nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NAD+) plays a central role in cellular metabolism and energy production, supporting many biological processes. Recent studies highlight the significance of NAD + in regulation of immune cell function, with implications for our understanding of immune homeostasis, inflammation, and disease. This review reports our current understanding on the role of NAD + in the immune system, specifically in macrophages and T cells, facilitating their metabolic reprogramming during differentiation and activation. It offers an overview of NAD + biosynthesis within these immune cells, describes its role in the modulation of immune cell metabolism and effector function, and highlights potential therapeutic applications of NAD + modulation in immunological disorders including autoimmune diseases and cancer.</p>

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NAD + metabolism and function in innate and adaptive immune cells

  • 期刊论文

  • 出版模式：

    开放获取

  • 发表日期：

    2025年8月1日

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  • Rebecca Mann,
  • Victoria Stavrou,
  • Sarah Dimeloe

摘要

Nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NAD+) plays a central role in cellular metabolism and energy production, supporting many biological processes. Recent studies highlight the significance of NAD + in regulation of immune cell function, with implications for our understanding of immune homeostasis, inflammation, and disease. This review reports our current understanding on the role of NAD + in the immune system, specifically in macrophages and T cells, facilitating their metabolic reprogramming during differentiation and activation. It offers an overview of NAD + biosynthesis within these immune cells, describes its role in the modulation of immune cell metabolism and effector function, and highlights potential therapeutic applications of NAD + modulation in immunological disorders including autoimmune diseases and cancer.