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Background <p>Hyperlipidemia is the most prevalent cardiovascular (CV) risk factors. We aimed to analyze the distribution of lipid parameters and clinical variables associated with elevated and non-elevated selected lipid factors in a cohort of all consecutive patients whose lipid profile was assessed at a multi-specialist clinical center.</p> Materials and methods <p>This cross-sectional study analyzed electronic medical records of consecutive patients treated between March and November 2024. Lipid parameters measured included: total cholesterol (TC), low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C), high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C), triglycerides (TG), apolipoprotein B (apoB), and lipoprotein (a) [Lp(a)]. Non-high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (non-HDL-C) was calculated as TC–HDL-C. We used multivariate analysis to identify factors associated with LDL-C, TG, and Lp(a) concentrations.</p> Results <p>A total of 10,597 patients were included in the analysis. The median lipid concentrations (mg/dL) were: TC 162 (IQR 132–198), LDL-C 94 (IQR 69–129), non-HDL-C 112 (IQR 88–146), apoB 78 (IQR 63–99), and Lp(a) 11 (IQR 5–29). Elevated LDL-C &gt; 100&#xa0;mg/dL was observed in 45.7% of patients, non-HDL-C &gt; 130&#xa0;mg/dL in 35.1%, and apoB &gt; 100&#xa0;mg/dL in 23.2%. A discordance between LDL-C and apoB concentrations was present in 23.7% of patients (<i>p</i> &lt; 0.001), while LDL-C/non-HDL-C and apoB/non-HDL-C discordance rates were 13% and 12.6%, respectively (<i>p</i> &lt; 0.001). Patients at very high CV risk had lower TC, LDL-C, non-HDL-C, and apoB concentrations compared to those with low-to-moderate and high CV risk (<i>p</i> &lt; 0.001) and showed the highest median Lp(a) concentration of 13&#xa0;mg/dL (IQR 5–31; <i>p</i> = 0.01). Goal achievements of LDL-C &lt; 100&#xa0;mg/dL, TG &lt; 150&#xa0;mg/dL, and Lp(a) &lt; 30&#xa0;mg/dL were associated with lipid-lowering treatment [OR 1.32 (95% CI 1.12–1.52)], atrial fibrillation [OR 1.31 (95% CI 1.11–1.54)], chronic coronary syndromes [OR 1.27 (95% CI 1.05–1.52)], smoking [OR 0.78 (95% CI 0.65–0.95)], BMI [OR 0.98 (95% CI 0.96–0.99)], and age [OR 1.006 (95% CI 1.002–1.009)].</p> Conclusion <p>The highest proportion of patients with results within the normal range was observed for apoB and the lowest for LDL-C. The highest discordance was observed between apoB/LDL-C, with similar discordance rates between LDL-C/non-HDL-C and apoB/non-HDL-C. Lipid profile control was associated with BMI, atrial fibrillation, age, chronic coronary syndrome, aortic stenosis, diabetes, male gender, lipid-lowering therapy, and smoking. These findings highlight the complexity of lipid management.</p>

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Lipid profile and the variables associated with control of selected lipid parameters in patients of a large multi-specialist hospital in Poland - the Jurasz Lipid Study (JLS).

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  • 发表日期：

    2025年9月29日

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  • Marcin Ziółkowski,
  • Jakub Ratajczak,
  • Karolina Obońska,
  • Piotr Adamski,
  • Maciej Banach,
  • Krzysztof Chlebus,
  • Maciej Grymuza,
  • Klaudyna Grzelakowska,
  • Piotr Jankowski,
  • Jacek Konarski,
  • Ewa Laskowska,
  • Piotr Niezgoda,
  • Małgorzata Ostrowska,
  • Elżbieta Ozorowska,
  • Przemysław Podhajski,
  • Jacek Przybylski,
  • Grzegorz Skonieczny,
  • Bożena Sosnowska,
  • Łukasz Szarpak,
  • Małgorzata Topolska,
  • Julia Umińska,
  • Magdalena Krintus,
  • Jacek Kryś,
  • Jacek Kubica

摘要

Background

Hyperlipidemia is the most prevalent cardiovascular (CV) risk factors. We aimed to analyze the distribution of lipid parameters and clinical variables associated with elevated and non-elevated selected lipid factors in a cohort of all consecutive patients whose lipid profile was assessed at a multi-specialist clinical center.

Materials and methods

This cross-sectional study analyzed electronic medical records of consecutive patients treated between March and November 2024. Lipid parameters measured included: total cholesterol (TC), low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C), high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C), triglycerides (TG), apolipoprotein B (apoB), and lipoprotein (a) [Lp(a)]. Non-high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (non-HDL-C) was calculated as TC–HDL-C. We used multivariate analysis to identify factors associated with LDL-C, TG, and Lp(a) concentrations.

Results

A total of 10,597 patients were included in the analysis. The median lipid concentrations (mg/dL) were: TC 162 (IQR 132–198), LDL-C 94 (IQR 69–129), non-HDL-C 112 (IQR 88–146), apoB 78 (IQR 63–99), and Lp(a) 11 (IQR 5–29). Elevated LDL-C > 100 mg/dL was observed in 45.7% of patients, non-HDL-C > 130 mg/dL in 35.1%, and apoB > 100 mg/dL in 23.2%. A discordance between LDL-C and apoB concentrations was present in 23.7% of patients (p < 0.001), while LDL-C/non-HDL-C and apoB/non-HDL-C discordance rates were 13% and 12.6%, respectively (p < 0.001). Patients at very high CV risk had lower TC, LDL-C, non-HDL-C, and apoB concentrations compared to those with low-to-moderate and high CV risk (p < 0.001) and showed the highest median Lp(a) concentration of 13 mg/dL (IQR 5–31; p = 0.01). Goal achievements of LDL-C < 100 mg/dL, TG < 150 mg/dL, and Lp(a) < 30 mg/dL were associated with lipid-lowering treatment [OR 1.32 (95% CI 1.12–1.52)], atrial fibrillation [OR 1.31 (95% CI 1.11–1.54)], chronic coronary syndromes [OR 1.27 (95% CI 1.05–1.52)], smoking [OR 0.78 (95% CI 0.65–0.95)], BMI [OR 0.98 (95% CI 0.96–0.99)], and age [OR 1.006 (95% CI 1.002–1.009)].

Conclusion

The highest proportion of patients with results within the normal range was observed for apoB and the lowest for LDL-C. The highest discordance was observed between apoB/LDL-C, with similar discordance rates between LDL-C/non-HDL-C and apoB/non-HDL-C. Lipid profile control was associated with BMI, atrial fibrillation, age, chronic coronary syndrome, aortic stenosis, diabetes, male gender, lipid-lowering therapy, and smoking. These findings highlight the complexity of lipid management.