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Background <p>Insulin resistance (IR) reduces insulin efficacy and heightens the danger of cardiovascular diseases including hypertension. The Metabolic Score for Insulin Resistance (METS-IR), which is based on triglyceride (TG) and high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C), body mass index (BMI), and fasting glucose levels, provides a simpler way to assess IR. As the hypertension’s prevalence increases, particularly in those with metabolic disorders, exploring the relationship between hypertension and METS-IR has become crucial.</p> Methods <p>16,310 individuals from the 2007–2018 National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey dataset was included. Hypertension was defined by asking participants about their medical history and blood pressure measurements. METS-IR was calculated as follows: ln([ HDL-C (mg/dL)] × [2 × fasting glucose (mg/dL)] + TG (mg/dL) × BMI (kg/m<sup>2</sup>)). The study adjusted for covariates like sex; age; race; poverty-income ratio; marital status; educational background; total cholesterol (TC), low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C), and serum creatinine levels; smoking; stroke; alcohol consumption; diabetes; and coronary heart disease (CHD). This study was conducted using a multi-factor regression model.</p> Results <p>This research demonstrated a significant positive relationship between hypertension and METS-IR. Each 1-unit rise in METS-IR corresponds to a 3% higher chance of hypertension (odds ratio [OR], 1.03; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.03–1.04). In model 3, METS-IR exhibited a notable correlation with hypertension (OR, 3.31; 95% CI, 2.64–4.14; <i>P</i> &lt; 0.001). A threshold effect analysis demonstrated a nonlinear association. Finally, subgroup analyses supported the stability of the relationship between METS-IR and factors such as sex, race, alcohol consumption, CHD, smoking, and stroke (<i>P</i> &gt; 0.05).</p> Conclusions <p>METS-IR showed a strong relationship with hypertension and may be an important marker for evaluating metabolic health and the early hypertension danger.</p>

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Association between metabolic score for insulin resistance (METS-IR) and hypertension: a cross-sectional study based on NHANES 2007–2018

  • 期刊论文

  • 出版模式：

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  • 发表日期：

    2025年2月21日

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  • Zhen Guo,
  • Xia Guo,
  • Hanchi Xu,
  • Haoxuan Chu,
  • Yulin Tian,
  • Shipeng Wang,
  • Yushi Wang

摘要

Background

Insulin resistance (IR) reduces insulin efficacy and heightens the danger of cardiovascular diseases including hypertension. The Metabolic Score for Insulin Resistance (METS-IR), which is based on triglyceride (TG) and high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C), body mass index (BMI), and fasting glucose levels, provides a simpler way to assess IR. As the hypertension’s prevalence increases, particularly in those with metabolic disorders, exploring the relationship between hypertension and METS-IR has become crucial.

Methods

16,310 individuals from the 2007–2018 National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey dataset was included. Hypertension was defined by asking participants about their medical history and blood pressure measurements. METS-IR was calculated as follows: ln([ HDL-C (mg/dL)] × [2 × fasting glucose (mg/dL)] + TG (mg/dL) × BMI (kg/m2)). The study adjusted for covariates like sex; age; race; poverty-income ratio; marital status; educational background; total cholesterol (TC), low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C), and serum creatinine levels; smoking; stroke; alcohol consumption; diabetes; and coronary heart disease (CHD). This study was conducted using a multi-factor regression model.

Results

This research demonstrated a significant positive relationship between hypertension and METS-IR. Each 1-unit rise in METS-IR corresponds to a 3% higher chance of hypertension (odds ratio [OR], 1.03; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.03–1.04). In model 3, METS-IR exhibited a notable correlation with hypertension (OR, 3.31; 95% CI, 2.64–4.14; P < 0.001). A threshold effect analysis demonstrated a nonlinear association. Finally, subgroup analyses supported the stability of the relationship between METS-IR and factors such as sex, race, alcohol consumption, CHD, smoking, and stroke (P > 0.05).

Conclusions

METS-IR showed a strong relationship with hypertension and may be an important marker for evaluating metabolic health and the early hypertension danger.