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Background <p>Astaxanthin is a natural antioxidant with strong free-radical scavenging and anti-inflammatory properties and has been widely used in endurance sports; however, studies specifically targeting taekwondo athletes remain scarce.</p> Methods <p>In this study, we conducted a 28-day randomized, double-masked, placebo-controlled trial in which young male taekwondo athletes consumed 12&#xa0;mg of astaxanthin daily to evaluate its effects on oxidative stress, muscle damage, and psychological status.</p> Results <p>A mixed-design ANOVA showed a significant group × time interaction for creatine kinase (CK), suggesting differential changes in exercise-induced muscle damage over the intervention period. Superoxide dismutase (SOD) showed significant group and time main effects, whereas malondialdehyde (MDA) did not show a significant group × time interaction. Exploratory between-group comparisons suggested higher SOD activity at Weeks 2 and 4 and lower MDA concentrations at Week 4 in the astaxanthin group than in the placebo group. For Athlete Burnout Questionnaire outcomes, only the emotional and physical exhaustion subscale (ABQa) differed between groups at Week 4 in exploratory analysis, while no significant group × time interaction was observed for any burnout subscale.</p> Conclusion <p>These findings suggest that daily supplementation with 12&#xa0;mg of astaxanthin for 28 days may beneficially modulate oxidative stress, muscle damage, and emotional exhaustion in young male taekwondo athletes, whereas its effects on other dimensions of psychological burnout appear to be limited.</p>

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Effects of 28-day astaxanthin supplementation on psychological fatigue and biochemical markers in taekwondo athletes: a randomized controlled trial

  • 期刊论文

  • 出版模式：

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  • 发表日期：

    2026年7月9日

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  • Meng-Yuan Shu,
  • Long-Ying Pei,
  • Jing Luo,
  • Xiao-Yan Zhang,
  • Hai-Xia Li,
  • Li Shao,
  • Yong Yang,
  • Xiao-Yu Wang,
  • Fang-Lin Jiang,
  • Li Zuo,
  • Yang-Qin Tan,
  • Xiu-Chang Zhang,
  • Jian Liang

摘要

Background

Astaxanthin is a natural antioxidant with strong free-radical scavenging and anti-inflammatory properties and has been widely used in endurance sports; however, studies specifically targeting taekwondo athletes remain scarce.

Methods

In this study, we conducted a 28-day randomized, double-masked, placebo-controlled trial in which young male taekwondo athletes consumed 12 mg of astaxanthin daily to evaluate its effects on oxidative stress, muscle damage, and psychological status.

Results

A mixed-design ANOVA showed a significant group × time interaction for creatine kinase (CK), suggesting differential changes in exercise-induced muscle damage over the intervention period. Superoxide dismutase (SOD) showed significant group and time main effects, whereas malondialdehyde (MDA) did not show a significant group × time interaction. Exploratory between-group comparisons suggested higher SOD activity at Weeks 2 and 4 and lower MDA concentrations at Week 4 in the astaxanthin group than in the placebo group. For Athlete Burnout Questionnaire outcomes, only the emotional and physical exhaustion subscale (ABQa) differed between groups at Week 4 in exploratory analysis, while no significant group × time interaction was observed for any burnout subscale.

Conclusion

These findings suggest that daily supplementation with 12 mg of astaxanthin for 28 days may beneficially modulate oxidative stress, muscle damage, and emotional exhaustion in young male taekwondo athletes, whereas its effects on other dimensions of psychological burnout appear to be limited.