Scholarlink

Background <p>Benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH) frequently affects men in middle and later life; however, the potential influence of ultra-processed food (UPF) consumption and the metabolic pathways involved has not been fully elucidated. This study investigated associations between the percentage of total food weight (% of total g/day) contributed by foods stratified by processing level and plant origin and the risk of BPH.</p> Methods <p>This prospective cohort study included 77,951 men aged ≥ 45 years from the UK Biobank, with a median follow-up of 10.5 years. Dietary intake was assessed using repeated 24-hour dietary recalls and expressed as the percentage of total food weight (% of total g/day) from all UPF, plant-sourced UPF, plant-sourced non-UPF, and all plant-sourced foods. Incident BPH (<i>n</i> = 7,387) was identified using ICD-10 codes. Associations were evaluated using Cox proportional hazards models, stratified analyses, restricted cubic splines, and sensitivity analyses. Mediation analysis assessed 251 metabolites as potential mediators of the association between the percentage of total food weight from all UPF and BPH.</p> Results <p>In the fully adjusted model (Model 3), each 10% increase in the percentage of total food weight from all UPF was associated with a 4% higher risk of BPH (hazard ratio [HR] 1.04; 95% confidence interval [CI] 1.01–1.06). A similar 10% increase in plant-sourced UPF was associated with a 3% higher BPH risk (HR 1.03; 95% CI 1.01–1.06). Conversely, each 10% increase in the percentage of total food weight from plant-sourced non-UPF and all plant-sourced foods was associated with a 5% and 9% lower risk of BPH, respectively. Restricted cubic spline analyses indicated a significant non-linear inverse association between the percentage of total food weight from plant-sourced non-UPF and BPH risk. Mediation analyses identified high-density lipoprotein (HDL)-related metabolites as key mediators linking the percentage of total food weight from all UPF to BPH development.</p> Conclusion <p>A higher percentage of total food weight from UPF was associated with a higher risk of incident BPH among middle-aged and older men, with HDL-related metabolites partially mediating this association. These findings support the potential benefit of reducing UPF and increasing plant-sourced non-UPF, without implying causality.</p>

错误：搜索内容不能为空，请输入英文关键词
错误：关键词超出字数限制，请精简
高级检索

Food ultra-processing, plant-origin foods, and risk of benign prostatic hyperplasia: evidence from the UK Biobank cohort

  • 期刊论文

  • 出版模式：

    开放获取

  • 发表日期：

    2026年3月14日

查看全文
  • Qinglong Yang,
  • Haolin Chen,
  • Nan Luo,
  • Hanyuan Lin,
  • Haoxian Tang,
  • Zexuan Liu,
  • Jingtao Huang,
  • Xuan Zhang,
  • Gaoming Hou,
  • Wenqiang Liao,
  • Xuxia Sui,
  • Qingtao Yang

摘要

Background

Benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH) frequently affects men in middle and later life; however, the potential influence of ultra-processed food (UPF) consumption and the metabolic pathways involved has not been fully elucidated. This study investigated associations between the percentage of total food weight (% of total g/day) contributed by foods stratified by processing level and plant origin and the risk of BPH.

Methods

This prospective cohort study included 77,951 men aged ≥ 45 years from the UK Biobank, with a median follow-up of 10.5 years. Dietary intake was assessed using repeated 24-hour dietary recalls and expressed as the percentage of total food weight (% of total g/day) from all UPF, plant-sourced UPF, plant-sourced non-UPF, and all plant-sourced foods. Incident BPH (n = 7,387) was identified using ICD-10 codes. Associations were evaluated using Cox proportional hazards models, stratified analyses, restricted cubic splines, and sensitivity analyses. Mediation analysis assessed 251 metabolites as potential mediators of the association between the percentage of total food weight from all UPF and BPH.

Results

In the fully adjusted model (Model 3), each 10% increase in the percentage of total food weight from all UPF was associated with a 4% higher risk of BPH (hazard ratio [HR] 1.04; 95% confidence interval [CI] 1.01–1.06). A similar 10% increase in plant-sourced UPF was associated with a 3% higher BPH risk (HR 1.03; 95% CI 1.01–1.06). Conversely, each 10% increase in the percentage of total food weight from plant-sourced non-UPF and all plant-sourced foods was associated with a 5% and 9% lower risk of BPH, respectively. Restricted cubic spline analyses indicated a significant non-linear inverse association between the percentage of total food weight from plant-sourced non-UPF and BPH risk. Mediation analyses identified high-density lipoprotein (HDL)-related metabolites as key mediators linking the percentage of total food weight from all UPF to BPH development.

Conclusion

A higher percentage of total food weight from UPF was associated with a higher risk of incident BPH among middle-aged and older men, with HDL-related metabolites partially mediating this association. These findings support the potential benefit of reducing UPF and increasing plant-sourced non-UPF, without implying causality.