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<p>Laryngeal Squamous Cell Carcinoma (LSCC) presents significant clinical challenges, including late-stage diagnosis and high rates of recurrence, underscoring an urgent need for novel molecular biomarkers. This review synthesizes current research on non-coding RNAs as pivotal players in the pathogenesis of LSCC. We focus on microRNAs (miRNAs) as powerful diagnostic and prognostic tools, exploring both tissue-specific and circulating exosomal miRNAs (e.g., miR-155, miR-141, miR-21) that reflect tumor biology and correlate with clinical outcomes. Additionally, we examine the therapeutic potential of small interfering RNA (siRNA)-mediated gene silencing, a strategy that enables the targeted knockdown of key oncogenes and pathways associated with LSCC progression, metastasis, and chemoresistance (e.g., targeting EpCAM, MGST1, and Notch1). We discuss the critical challenge of in vivo delivery and the potential of exosome-based systems to bridge the gap between preclinical success and clinical application. By integrating the diagnostic insights from miRNA profiling with the therapeutic precision of siRNA technology, this review outlines a novel integrated Diagnostic and therapeutic framework for laryngeal cancer. We propose that exosomes can serve as a unified platform, first as a source for non-invasive diagnostic biomarkers and subsequently as a natural, biocompatible vehicle for targeted siRNA delivery, bridging the gap between personalized diagnosis and treatment.</p>

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Non-coding RNAs in laryngeal squamous cell carcinoma: diagnostic biomarkers and emerging exosome-based therapeutic strategies

  • 期刊论文

  • 出版模式：

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  • 发表日期：

    2025年12月10日

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  • Mehmet Nuri Elgormus,
  • Burcu Biltekin,
  • Mustafa Ibas

摘要

Laryngeal Squamous Cell Carcinoma (LSCC) presents significant clinical challenges, including late-stage diagnosis and high rates of recurrence, underscoring an urgent need for novel molecular biomarkers. This review synthesizes current research on non-coding RNAs as pivotal players in the pathogenesis of LSCC. We focus on microRNAs (miRNAs) as powerful diagnostic and prognostic tools, exploring both tissue-specific and circulating exosomal miRNAs (e.g., miR-155, miR-141, miR-21) that reflect tumor biology and correlate with clinical outcomes. Additionally, we examine the therapeutic potential of small interfering RNA (siRNA)-mediated gene silencing, a strategy that enables the targeted knockdown of key oncogenes and pathways associated with LSCC progression, metastasis, and chemoresistance (e.g., targeting EpCAM, MGST1, and Notch1). We discuss the critical challenge of in vivo delivery and the potential of exosome-based systems to bridge the gap between preclinical success and clinical application. By integrating the diagnostic insights from miRNA profiling with the therapeutic precision of siRNA technology, this review outlines a novel integrated Diagnostic and therapeutic framework for laryngeal cancer. We propose that exosomes can serve as a unified platform, first as a source for non-invasive diagnostic biomarkers and subsequently as a natural, biocompatible vehicle for targeted siRNA delivery, bridging the gap between personalized diagnosis and treatment.